Table 1.
Haematological outcomes in children with P vivax malaria with G6PD activity of 30% or higher
| No primaquine (n=475) | Low daily dose of primaquine (n=236) | Intermediate daily dose of primaquine (n=612) | High daily dose of primaquine (n=546) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary haematology outcome | |||||
| Decrease in haemoglobin of ≥25% and haemoglobin below 7 g/dL from day 0 to day of lowest haemoglobin between days 1 and 13 | 2 (0·4%; 0·1–1·5) | 0 (0·0%; 0·0–1·6) | 3 (0·5%; 0·1–1·4) | 4 (0·7%; 0·2–1·9) | |
| Secondary haematology outcomes | |||||
| Decrease in haemoglobin of >5 g/dL from day 0 to day of lowest haemoglobin between days 1 and 13 | 0 (0·0%; 0·0–0·8) | 0 (0·0%; 0·0–1·6) | 1 (0·2%; 0·0–0·9) | 2 (0·4%; 0·0–1·3) | |
| Anaemia on days 2 or 3 | |||||
| Nil | 228/283 (80·6%) | 122/142 (85·9%) | 265/387 (68·5%) | 275/377 (72·9%) | |
| Mild (haemoglobin starts ≥11 g/dL and falls to <11 g/dL but ≥8 g/dL) | 51/283 (18·0%) | 19/142 (13·4%) | 112/387 (28·9%) | 93/377 (24·7%) | |
| Moderate (haemoglobin starts ≥8 g/dL and falls to <8 g/dL but ≥5 g/dL) | 4/283 (1·4%) | 1/142 (0·7%) | 10/387 (2·6%) | 9/377 (2·4%) | |
| Anaemia on days 5−7 | |||||
| Nil | 276/316 (87·3%) | 134/148 (90·5%) | 293/381 (76·9%) | 285/372 (76·6%) | |
| Mild (haemoglobin starts ≥11 g/dL and falls to <11 g/dL but ≥8 g/dL) | 40/316 (12·7%) | 12/148 (8·1%) | 81/381 (21·3%) | 80/372 (21·5%) | |
| Moderate (haemoglobin starts ≥8 g/dL and falls to <8 g/dL but ≥5 g/dL) | 0/316 | 2/148 (1·4%) | 7/381 (1·8%) | 6/372 (1·6%) | |
| Severe (haemoglobin starts ≥5 g/dL and falls to <5 g/dL) | 0/316 | 0/148 | 0/381 | 1/372 (0·3%) | |
| Blood transfusion | 0/380 | 0/147 | 0/599 | 1/541 (0·2%) | |
Data are n (%; 95% CI) or n/N (%). Data on anaemia on days 2–3 were not available for 680 children and on days 5–7 were not available for 652 children. G6PD=glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. P vivax=Plasmodium vivax.