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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Oct 16.
Published in final edited form as: Anal Chem. 2024 Sep 18;96(40):15970–15979. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c03256

Table 1.

Results of Classification Modelsa

A) IMS-MS Screening Model Results
Passive Sampler Model Pregnancy Model
Training Testing Training Testing
# Samples 42 13 # Samples 87 28
Accuracy (%) 100 100 Accuracy (%) 90.8 92.9
Sensitivity (%) 100 100 Sensitivity (%) 92.7 94.4
Specificity (%) 100 100 Specificity (%) 87.1 90.0
Kappa 1 1 Kappa 0.80 0.84
B) Annotated Model Results
Passive Sampler Model Pregnancy Model
Training Testing Training Testing
# Samples 42 13 # Samples 87 28
Accuracy (%) 93.1 100 Accuracy (%) 72.4 67.9
Sensitivity (%) 86.7 100 Sensitivity (%) 85.5 77.8
Specificity (%) 96.7 100 Specificity (%) 49.5 50.0
Kappa 82.2 1 Kappa 0.37 0.28
a

(A) shows results using our IMS-MS screening method for passive sampler (left) and pregnancy data (right), while (B) shows results using annotated feature data. Metrics for the training data were calculated using 5-fold cross-validation.