Table 12.
Hazard Ratios per 10,000 particles/cm3 Increase in UFP Number Concentrations and Mortality from Combined LUR-CNN Model (Main Exposure Model) with and without Backcasting and with and without Mobility Weightinga
| Cause of Mortality | Backcasted HR (95% CI) |
Mobility Weighted HR (95% CI) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (main analysis) |
No | Backcasted | Not Backcasted | |
| Nonaccidental | 1.073 (1.061, 1.085) |
1.078 (1.064, 1.094) |
1.034 (1.019, 1.046) |
1.053 (1.035, 1.072) |
| Cardiovascular | 1.069 (1.047, 1.094) |
1.072 (1.043, 1.100) |
1.057 (1.029, 1.085) |
1.069 (1.035, 1.106) |
| Cardiometabolic | 1.075 (1.052, 1.098) |
1.080 (1.054, 1.108) |
1.066 (1.038, 1.091) |
1.081 (1.047, 1.113) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 1.094 (1.062, 1.126) |
1.102 (1.066, 1.141) |
1.076 (1.042, 1.113) |
1.106 (1.060, 1.153) |
| Cerebrovascular | 1.061 (1.007, 1.117) |
1.045 (0.983, 1.110) |
1.046 (0.986, 1.111) |
1.035 (0.959, 1.118) |
| Respiratory | 1.174 (1.130, 1.220) |
1.201 (1.149, 1.256) |
1.124 (1.074, 1.176) |
1.184 (1.120, 1.253) |
| Lung cancer | 1.057 (1.017, 1.098) |
1.074 (1.027, 1.122) |
1.021 (0.975, 1.070) |
1.053 (0.998, 1.115) |
CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio.
aAll models included sociodemographic variables, PM2.5, Ox, UFP size, and BC.