Table 13.
Hazard Ratios per 500 ng/m3 Increase in BC and Mortality from Combined LUR-CNN Model (Main Exposure Model) with and without Backcasting and with and without Mobility Weightinga
| Cause of Mortality | Backcasted HR (95% CI) |
Mobility-Weighted HR (95% CI) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (main analysis) |
No | Backcasted | Not Backcasted | |
| Nonaccidental | 1.009 (1.004, 1.015) |
0.994 (0.985, 1.002) |
1.000 (0.991, 1.009) |
0.975 (0.965, 0.986) |
| Cardiovascular | 1.015 (1.004, 1.027) |
0.999 (0.984, 1.017) |
1.007 (0.991, 1.024) |
0.988 (0.968, 1.008) |
| Cardiometabolic | 1.015 (1.004, 1.025) |
0.999 (0.984, 1.015) |
1.006 (0.991, 1.022) |
0.986 (0.967, 1.006) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 1.009 (0.995, 1.025) |
0.993 (0.972, 1.015) |
1.002 (0.981, 1.024) |
0.980 (0.954, 1.007) |
| Cerebrovascular | 1.025 (0.999, 1.052) |
1.004 (0.967, 1.040) |
1.032 (0.995, 1.070) |
1.012 (0.967, 1.059) |
| Respiratory | 0.979 (0.959, 0.999) |
0.946 (0.918, 0.974) |
0.968 (0.940, 0.997) |
0.920 (0.886, 0.953) |
| Lung cancer | 0.987 (0.967, 1.008) |
0.981 (0.953, 1.009) |
0.952 (0.925, 0.981) |
0.945 (0.913, 0.979) |
CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio.
aAll models included sociodemographic variables, PM2.5, Ox, UFP number concentrations, and UFP size.