Fig. 4.

Cognitive decline and neuroinflammation in APN-KO mice after sevoflurane exposure. (a and b) No significant differences in locomotor activity or anxiety levels in APN-KO mice. Evidence for cognitive decline from NOR and puzzle box tests in adiponectin knockout mice (n = 4–5). (c) Significant increase in IBA1 and GFAP immunofluorescence in APN-KO mice (n = 4). Scale bar = 50 μm. (d) Multiplex assay indicated the increase in hippocampal IL-1b (n = 4). (e) Significant reduction in p-AMPK and increase in p-JNK and p-c-jun in APN-KO mice after sevoflurane exposure (n = 4). All data are presented as the mean and SEM. Western blot results represent the band densities that were normalized with endogenous β-actin. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 in comparison to the respective control groups. Values were analysed using the unpaired t-test. KO = adiponectin knockout