Table 2.

The top five most abundant proteins (by peptide count) preserved in foodcrust and ceramic samples after cooking and burial for six months. Data from replicates have been merged. Probable protein source is noted, including where LCA matches to input ingredient, where protein LCA is non-specific and could potentially belong to either input ingredient or another taxonomy, and where protein LCA could not possibly match to the input ingredient and is therefore derived from contamination. This table is based on proteins with the highest peptide count regardless of taxonomic specificity. We note that many muscle proteins are highly conserved; therefore, in electronic supplementary material, S8, we have noted the most abundant proteins (by peptide count) which match to taxonomic family (Salmonidae, Fagaceae or Cervidae) or lower detected in buried foodcrusts.

		protein	peptide count	unipept LCA	probable protein source
chestnut	foodcrust	TATA box binding protein-associated factor (TAF) histone-like fold domain-containing protein	8	root	non-specific
		actin, alpha cardiac muscle 1	6	Eukaryota	non-specific
		cupin type-1 domain-containing protein	6	Fagaceae and Q. lobata	input ingredient
		heat shock protein 70	5	root	non-specific
		IF rod domain-containing protein	5	Mammalia	contaminant
	ceramic	fast myotomal muscle troponin-T	5	Neopterygii	contaminant
		IF rod domain-containing protein	3	Mammalia	contaminant
		keratin, type II cytoskeletal 5	2	Mammalia	contaminant
deer	foodcrust	actin, alpha cardiac muscle 1	29	Eukaryota	non-specific
		globin family profile domain-containing protein	25	Cervidae	input ingredient
		TATA box binding protein associated factor (TAF) histone-like fold domain-containing protein	12	root	non-specific
		elongation factor 1-alpha	11	root	non-specific
		myoglobin	11	Pecora	input ingredient
	ceramic	myosin-1	6	Craniata	non-specific
		actin, alpha cardiac muscle 1	5	root	non-specific
		pyruvate kinase	4	Mammalia	non-specific
		creatine kinase	2	Craniata	non-specific
		filamin-C	2	Craniata	non-specific
		ʟ-lactate dehydrogenase	2	Neopterygii	contaminant
		myosin binding protein C1	2	Pecora	input ingredient
		non-selective voltage-gated ion channel VDAC1	2	Mammalia	non-specific
salmon	foodcrust	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	71	Salmonidae	input ingredient
		myosin heavy chain, fast skeletal muscle-like	56	Salmoninae	input ingredient
		fast myotomal muscle tropomyosin (Tropomyosin alpha-1 chain)	46	Salmonidae	input ingredient
		phosphopyruvate hydratase (2-phospho-ᴅ-glycerate hydrolyase)	46	Salmonidae	input ingredient
		fructose-bisphosphate aldolase	32	Salmonidae	input ingredient
	ceramic	IF rod domain-containing protein	6	Mammalia	contaminant
		collagen alpha-2(I) chain	3	Artiodactyla	contaminant
		keratin, type II cytoskeletal 5	3	Sarcopterygii	non-specific
		keratin, type II cytoskeletal 6A	2	Sarcopterygii	non-specific