Table 4.
Incidence of MAFLD and thickness of VAT and SAT in the population stratified by glucose tolerance and BMI
| NFG/NBW | NFG/OWO |
IFG/NBW |
IFG/OWO |
DM/NBW |
DM/OWO |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Counts (%) | Counts (%) | χ2* | Counts (%) | χ2* | Counts (%) | χ2* | Counts (%) | χ2* | Counts (%) | χ2* | |
| n | 1,039; M = 372, F = 667 | 754; M = 395, F = 359 | 183; M = 105, F = 78 | 398; M = 269, F = 129 | 28; M = 15, F = 13 | 143; M = 95, F = 48 | |||||
| MAFLD |
|
||||||||||
| All | 103 (10.3%) | 324 (50.3%) | <0.0001 | 33 (21.0%) | 0.0021 | 197 (68.4%) | <0.0001 | 12 (48.0%) | <0.0001 | 87 (82.9%) | <0.0001 |
| Female | 50 (7.6%) | 156 (46.7%) | <0.0001 | 12 (16%) | 0.0275 | 65 (61.9%) | <0.0001 | 6 (50.0%) | 0.0003 | 37 (88.1%) | <0.0001 |
| Male | 53 (15.4%) | 168 (54.2%) | <0.0001 | 21 (25.6%) | 0.1694 | 132 (72.1%) | <0.0001 | 6 (46.1%) | 0.0161 | 50 (79.4%) | <0.0001 |
| Means ± SD | Means ± SD | P§ | Means ± SD | P§ | Means ± SD | P§ | Means ± SD | P§ | Means ± SD | P§ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VAT, mm | |||||||||||
| All | 22.8 ± 11.8 | 39.1 ± 17.3 | <0.0001 | 28.1 ± 13.8 | <0.0001 | 46.2 ± 20.4 | <0.0001 | 30.8 ± 15.5 | 0.0197 | 54.0 ± 20.9 | <0.0001 |
| Female | 19.8 ± 9.6 (64.2%) | 34.2 ± 16.8 (47.6%) | <0.0001 | 21.2 ± 10.1 (42.6%) | 0.9175 | 42.2 ± 20.8 (32.4) | <0.0001 | 27.5 ± 14.5 (46.4%) | 0.2120 | 54.0 ± 20.1 (33.6%) | <0.0001 |
| Male | 28.2 ± 13.0 (35.8%) | 43.5 ± 16.5 (52.4) | <0.0001 | 33.2 ± 13.9 (57.4%) | 0.1694 | 48.0 ± 20.0 (67.6%) | <0.0001 | 33.5 ± 16.5 (53.4%) | 0.4980 | 54.0 ± 21.4 (66.4%) | <0.0001 |
| SAT, mm | |||||||||||
| All | 9.8 ± 5.8 | 16.4 ± 5.7 | <0.0001 | 10.8 ± 4.1 | 0.1110 | 15.8 ± 6.1 | <0.0001 | 8.1 ± 3.5 | 0.4692 | 15.6 ± 6.1 | <0.0001 |
| Female | 10.2 ± 5.2 (64.2%) | 18.3 ± 5.2 (47.6%) | <0.0001 | 11.1 ± 4.1 (42.6%) | 0.9105 | 19.4 ± 5.4 (32.4) | <0.0001 | 9.5 ± 3.6 (46.4%) | 0.9968 | 19.0 ± 5.8 (33.6%) | <0.0001 |
| Male | 9.2 ± 6.8 (35.8%) | 14.8 ± 5.6 (52.4) | <0.0001 | 10.6 ± 4.1 (57.4%) | 0.1448 | 14.1 ± 5.6 (67.6%) | <0.0001 | 6.9 ± 3.1 (53.4%) | 0.5195 | 13.9 ± 5.6 (66.4%) | <0.0001 |
In males, echographic data are missing in 256 of 1,251 subjects, and in females, echographic data are missing in 71 of 1,294 subjects. DM, diabetes mellitus; IFG, impaired fasting glucose; MAFLD, metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease; NBW, normal body weight; NFG, normal fasting glucose; OWO, overweight-obese; SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue; VAT, visceral adipose tissue.
*Chi-square test (Fisher’s exact test). The data (P value) represent the comparison of each group with the reference NFG/NBW group;
§One-way ANOVA (Šídák’s multiple-comparisons test). The data (P value) represent the comparison of each group with the reference NFG/NBW group.