Table 3.
Characteristics of Studies on Concussion Incidence (n = 8) a
| Lead Author, Year (Country) | Study Design | Sport and Level | Participant Age, y b | Female, % | Concussion Rate | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agel 1 2007 (USA) | Cross-sectional | Ice hockey | College | NR | F: 2.72/1000 PHs M: 1.47/1000 PHs |
NR |
| Collins 8 2014 (USA) | Case-control | Soccer, basketball, lacrosse | High school | 59.8 | F: 4.9/1000 AEs M: 2.5/1000 AEs |
OR, 1.8 (95% CI, 1.36-2.49) |
| Dick 14 2007 (USA) | Cross-sectional | Soccer | College | NR | F: 1.42/1000 PHs M: 1.08/1000 PHs |
NR |
| Fraser 18 2017 (USA) | Cross-sectional | Basketball, baseball, soccer | College | NR | Ball-contact injuries during study period, n (%) F: 92 (21.2) M: 25 (8.0) |
Proportion of ball-contact injuries diagnosed as concussion higher for women than men (IPR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.63-3.33 |
| Fuller 19 2005 (UK) | Case-control | Soccer | Adult | 23.7 of PHs | F: 2.6/1000 PHs M: 1.1/1000 PHs |
NR |
| Lopez 34 2016 (USA) | Cohort | Rugby | F: 24.3 ± 4.8 M: 23.4 ± 5.0 |
28.4 | F: 8.1/1000 PHs M: 7.6/1000 PHs |
No difference (P = .593) |
| Schick 46 2003 (Canada) | Cohort | Ice hockey | F: 23.5 M: 20.9 |
43.7 | F: 1.18/1000 AEs M: 0.97/1000 AEs |
No difference (P = NR) |
| Vedung 58 2020 (Sweden) | Cohort | Soccer | F: 23 ± 4.2 M: 25 ± 4.6 |
40.6 | F: 1.22/1000 PHs M: 1.18/1000 PHs |
No difference (P = .85) |
a
AE, athlete-exposure; F, female; IPR, injury proportion ratio; NR, not reported; M, male; OR, odds ratio; PH, player-hour.
b
Data are presented as mean or mean ± SD. Competition level is given where specific ages were not provided.