Table 5.

Comparison of plasma cytokine levels between cutaneous leishmaniasis patients presenting with different clinical forms and healthy nonendemic controls

			P-value
IFNγ (pg/ml)	MCL	6.2 (3.8–10.3)	0.2551
	C LCL	7.0 (4.9–13.5)
	S LCL	6.2 (4.6–12.5)
	HNEC	5.6 (3.5–9.1)
TNFα (pg/ml)	MCL	0.7 (0.6–0.9)	0.0903
	C LCL	0.9 (0.7–12)
	S LCL	0.8 (0.7–1.1)
	HNEC	0.8 (0.7–0.9)

Cytokine levels were measured in the plasma isolated from the blood of MCL (n = 33), C LCL (n = 65), S LCL (n = 31) and HNEC (n = 22) by multiplex assay, as described in Materials and Methods

Each symbol represents the value for one individual, the straight lines represent the median. Statistical differences were determined using a Kruskal–Wallis test. MCL mucocutaneous, C LCL contained localised cutaneous leishmaniasis, S LCL spreading localised cutaneous leishmaniasis patients, HNEC healthy nonendemic controls