Figure 5.

Adjusted difference in log₁₀-transformed hair cortisol per interquartile range increase in log₂-transformed serum per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) concentration (gestational n = 175, childhood n = 174), Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment Study, Cincinnati, Ohio, 2003–2019. Dashed lines represent results from models with gestational PFAS and solid lines represent results with childhood PFAS. Models adjusted for child sex, child race, age at hair collection, maternal education, and parity. Serum PFAS interquartile ranges: perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) = 1.12; perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) = 1.05; perfluorononanoate (PFNA) = 1.05; perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) = 1.42.