Table 2:
Prevalence of HIV screening by characteristics among heterosexually active persons – National HIV Behavioral Surveillance, 2016
| Total N = 7,777 | Ever Screened N = 6,273 | Never Screened N = 1,504 | Crude PR (95% CI) | Adjusted PR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Row % | |||||
| IPV (in Past 12 months) | |||||
| Yes | 16.8 | 82.9 | 17.1 | 1.03 (1.01–1.06) | 1.03 (1.00–1.06) |
| No | 83.3 | 80.2 | 19.8 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Socio-demographic | |||||
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 45.3 | 77.8 | 22.3 | 0.94 (0.91–0.96) | 0.92 (0.90–0.95) |
| Female | 54.8 | 83.1 | 16.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Age (years) | |||||
| 18–24 | 19.6 | 66.0 | 34.0 | 0.81 (0.76–0.85) | 0.81 (0.77–0.86) |
| 25–29 | 13.9 | 82.0 | 18.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 30–39 | 20.7 | 88.5 | 11.6 | 1.08 (1.04–1.12) | 1.08 (1.04–1.12) |
| 40–49 | 20.2 | 85.8 | 14.3 | 1.05 (1.01–1.09) | 1.04 (1.01–1.08) |
| 50–60 | 25.6 | 80.8 | 19.2 | 0.99 (0.95–1.03) | 0.98 (0.94–1.01) |
| Race/Ethnicity | |||||
| Black | 71.4 | 83.9 | 16.1 | 1.15 (1.05–1.26) | 1.08 (1.01–1.15) |
| Hispanic | 20.0 | 70.4 | 29.6 | 0.96 (0.87–1.07) | 0.94 (0.87–1.03) |
| White | 3.6 | 73.0 | 27.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Other | 4.9 | 82.0 | 18.0 | 1.12 (1.02–1.22) | 1.09 (1.01–1.19) |
| Education | |||||
| <High School | 29.2 | 79.9 | 20.1 | 0.94 (0.90–0.98) | 0.92 (0.88–0.95) |
| High School | 53.6 | 79.6 | 20.4 | 0.93 (0.89–0.97) | 0.91 (0.88–0.95) |
| >High School | 17.2 | 85.3 | 14.7 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Household income | |||||
| Above the Federal Poverty Level | 15.9 | 76.2 | 23.8 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| At or Below the Federal Poverty Level | 84.1 | 81.6 | 18.4 | 1.07 (1.02–1.12) | 1.06 (1.02–1.10) |
| Insurance | |||||
| Private | 6.8 | 73.0 | 27.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Medicaid | 49.4 | 83.6 | 16.4 | 1.15 (1.04–1.26) | 1.12 (1.03–1.22) |
| Medicare | 4.2 | 82.9 | 17.1 | 1.14 (1.03–1.25) | 1.11 (1.02–1.20) |
| Other | 10.5 | 78.3 | 21.7 | 1.07 (0.96–1.20) | 1.12 (1.03–1.22) |
| Multiple | 5.5 | 86.8 | 13.2 | 1.19 (1.08–1.32) | 1.15 (1.06–1.26) |
| None | 23.7 | 76.3 | 23.7 | 1.05 (0.96–1.14) | 1.02 (0.95–1.10) |
| HIV Screening Offered by Health Care Provider (in Past 12 months) | |||||
| Offered | 36.6 | 96.3 | 3.7 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Not Offered | 44.8 | 72.9 | 27.1 | 0.76 (0.72–0.79) | 0.78 (0.74–0.81) |
| No Visit | 18.6 | 68.7 | 31.3 | 0.71 (0.67–0.76) | 0.73 (0.69–0.77) |
| Risk Factors for HIV | |||||
| Ever Injected Drugs | |||||
| Yes | 5.1 | 85.6 | 14.4 | 1.06 (1.02–1.11) | 1.07 (1.02–1.11) |
| No | 94.9 | 80.4 | 19.6 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Last Sexual Partner Ever Injected Drugs | |||||
| Yes | 10.5 | 79.8 | 20.2 | 0.99 (0.95–1.03) | 1.00 (0.95–1.04) |
| No | 89.5 | 80.8 | 19.3 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Exchanged Sex for Money or Drugs With Casual Partner(s) (in Past 12 months) | |||||
| Yes | 17.7 | 82.9 | 17.1 | 1.03 (1.00–1.07) | 1.00 (0.98–1.03) |
| No | 82.3 | 80.2 | 19.8 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Condomless Sex With HIV Positive Partner (in Past 12 months) | |||||
| Yes | 1.1 | 81.8 | 18.2 | 1.01 (0.87–1.17) | 0.97 (0.83–1.14) |
| No | 98.9 | 81.0 | 19.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Number of Sexual Partners (in Past 12 months) | |||||
| 1 partner | 36.4 | 81.5 | 18.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 2 partners | 20.0 | 81.3 | 18.7 | 1.00 (0.97–1.03) | 1.00 (0.97–1.03) |
| 3 partners | 13.6 | 81.4 | 18.6 | 1.00 (0.95–1.05) | 0.99 (0.95–1.04) |
| ≥4 partners | 30.1 | 78.9 | 21.1 | 0.97 (0.93–1.00) | 0.96 (0.93–0.99) |
| Last Sexual Partner Had Sex With Other People (in Past 12 months) | |||||
| Yes | 45.8 | 81.9 | 18.1 | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) |
| No | 54.2 | 79.5 | 20.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| STD Diagnosis (in Past 12 months) | |||||
| Yes | 6.9 | 84.1 | 15.9 | 1.05 (1.01–1.09) | 1.04 (1.00–1.07) |
| No | 93.1 | 80.4 | 19.6 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Any Risk Behavior | |||||
| Yes | 66.3 | 81.6 | 18.4 | 1.03 (1.0–1.05) | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) |
| No | 33.7 | 79.5 | 20.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
PR, prevalence ratio; STD, sexually transmitted disease.
Note: Race/ethnicity categories are mutually exclusive and Hispanics can be of any race; household income is based on the 2015 federal poverty level; any risk behavior (i.e., ever injected drugs, last sexual partner ever injected drugs, exchanged sex for money or drugs with casual partner(s) in past 12 months, condomless sex with HIV positive partner in past 12 months, four or more sexual partners in past 12 months, last sexual partner had sex with other people in past 12 months, STD diagnosis in past 12 months); log-linked Poisson Regression was generated using generalized estimating equations (GEE) clustered on recruitment chains from seeds in respondent-driven sampling. Adjusted model controls for city of interview and network size. Bolded statistically significant results.