Table 1.

Study variable means for each age group

	Ages 56–65	Ages 66–75	Ages 76–85	Ages 86+
	(N = 1,453)	(N = 1,169)	(N = 920)	(N = 241)
Mortality Over Four Years (proportion)	.039***	.067***	.175***	.496
Multimorbidity (number of conditions)	1.818***	2.480***	2.768	2.870
DunedinPACE Acceleration (in years of epigenetic aging per chronological year)	−0.002	0.001	0.005	−0.006
PhenoAge Acceleration (in years)	−0.071	0.181	−0.053	−0.310
GrimAge Acceleration (in years)	−0.040	0.057	0.075	−0.198
DunedinPACE (in years of epigenetic aging per chronological year)	0.999***	1.024***	1.052	1.066
PhenoAge (in years)	58.515***	67.390***	76.164***	85.309
GrimAge (in years)	71.176***	78.424***	85.913***	93.437
Lifetime Pack-Years	10.284**	14.808	15.721	14.820
Gender (female = 1)	.510***	.537**	.575**	.668
Education: 0–11 Years	.339***	.311***	.230*	.205
Education: 12 Years	.105	.131	.194	.274
Education: 13–15 Years	.269**	.304**	.358	.352
Education: 16+ Years	.287**	.254*	.218	.169
Race/Ethnicity: White, Not Hispanic	.744*	.786	.847	.829
Race/Ethnicity: Black, Not Hispanic	.113	.101	.076	.084
Race/Ethnicity: Hispanic	.095	.088	.062	.073
Race/Ethnicity: Other, Not Hispanic	.049***	.025	.015	.013
BMI: Underweight	.010*	.015	.025	.048
BMI: Normal	.218***	.235***	.321**	.449
BMI: Overweight	.355	.382	.391	.377
BMI: Obese 1	.244***	.235***	.191***	.103
BMI: Obese 2	.174***	.133***	.072***	.023

Note: Significance tests are from a bivariate regression of the variable on the age category, with ages 86+ as the reference group.

^*p < .05;

^**p < .01;

^***p < .001