FIGURE 6.

GSK3β reduction stimulates mitochondrial activity in cultured human neurons. A–B, GSK3β expression was reduced by lentiviral‐mediated delivery of antisense shRNA. 2P‐FLIM analysis in live cells revealed an increase of NADH, indicating a rise in mitochondrial respiration in GSK3β knock‐down cells. The experiment is representative of three independent assays. Statistical analyses were performed using Student two‐tailed unpaired t test. C–D, GSK3β knockdown efficiency in the 2P‐FLIM assays was ≈ 50%. Under similar experimental conditions, there were no changes in the expression of PGC1α. The experiment is representative of three independent assays. 2P‐FLIM, two‐photon fluorescence lifetime imaging; GSK3β, glycogen synthase kinase 3; NADH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.