FIGURE 4.

Influence of age, memory ability, cognitive status, and AD biomarker status on modeled guessing strategies in MST. (A) Compared to younger adults, older adults exhibit a higher likelihood of guessing “new” and a lower tendency to guess “similar.” (B) Among older adults, those with no age‐related memory deficits show no significant differences in guessing strategies when compared to individuals with age‐related memory deficits. (C) Individuals with MCI demonstrate a greater bias toward guessing “old” and are less inclined to guess “similar” or “new” relative to cognitively healthy older adults. (D) There are no differences in guessing strategies between Aβ− and Aβ+ older adults. (E) Older adults with elevated pTau levels display a marked shift from guessing similar toward guessing old compared to pTau‐negative older adults. For panels A–E, the metric for guessing “old” (γ) is represented in yellow, for guessing “similar” (γ^S) in pink, and for guessing “new” (γ^N) in blue. Aβ, amyloid beta; AD, Alzheimer's disease; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; MST, Mnemonic Similarity Task; pTau, phosphorylated tau.