TABLE 3.

Association of Decubitus Ulcer With Hospital Charges and Length of Stay

Variables	Ln Total Charges		Ln Length of Stays
	Estimate	P	Estimate	P
Decubitus ulcer
No	Reference
Yes	0.173	<0.0001	0.215	<0.0001
Race
White	Reference
Black	0.038	<0.0001	0.032	<0.0001
Hispanic	0.186	<0.0001	0.013	<0.0001
Asian or Pacific Islander	0.151	<0.0001	0.038	<0.0001
Others	0.123	<0.0001	0.049	<0.0001
Age groups
<40	Reference
40<50	0.132	<0.0001	−0.063	<0.0001
50<60	0.238	<0.0001	−0.043	<0.0001
60<70	0.312	<0.0001	−0.032	<0.0001
70≥	0.201	<0.0001	−0.077	<0.0001
Sex
Male	0.099	<0.0001	0.045	<0.0001
Female	Reference
Median household income
0–25th percentile	−0.127	<0.0001	−0.002	0.001
26th–50th percentile	−0.092	<0.0001	−0.002	<0.0001
51st–75th percentile	−0.062	<0.0001	−0.002	0.001
76th–100th percentile	Reference
Primary payer
Medicare	−0.078	<0.0001	0.011	<0.0001
Medicaid	−0.090	<0.0001	0.060	<0.0001
Private insurance	Reference
Self-pay	−0.094	<0.0001	−0.027	<0.0001
Others	−0.074	<0.0001	0.016	<0.0001
Died during hospitalization
No	Reference
Yes	0.631	<0.0001	0.258	<0.0001
Bed size of the hospital
Small	Reference
Medium	0.184	<0.0001	0.018	<0.0001
Large	0.367	<0.0001	0.068	<0.0001
Ownership of hospital
Government, nonfederal	−0.583	<0.0001	0.027	<0.0001
Private, nonprofit	−0.499	<0.0001	−0.014	<0.0001
Private, investor-own	Reference
Teaching status of the hospital
Nonteaching	Reference
Teaching	0.364	<0.0001	0.079	<0.0001
Region of hospital
Northeast	0.154	<0.0001	0.044	<0.0001
Midwest	Reference
South	0.084	<0.0001	0.033	<0.0001
West	0.465	<0.0001	0.033	<0.0001
Year	0.051	<0.0001	0.005	<0.0001