Table 1:
Baseline characteristics per tertiles of apoB48.
| Low tertile (N = 163) 0.6–7.9 µg/ml | Medium tertile (N = 159) 8.0–15.0 µg/ml | High tertile (N = 159) 15.1–46.2 µg/ml | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 52.8 [43.3–60.7] | 55.1 [42.5–62.3] | 52.2 [44.4–58.1] | .332 |
| Sex, N (%) (Female) | 102 (62.6) | 70 (44.0) | 46 (28.9) | <.001 |
| Time since transplantation (years) | 4.6 [1.3–11.0] | 4.6 [1.7–9.7] | 6.5 [2.5–10.9] | .155 |
| Creatinine (µmol/l) | 120.0 [103.0–142.0] | 136.0 [111.0–164.0] | 152.0 [128.0–183.5] | <.001 |
| Protein excretion (g/24 h) | 0.2 [0.0–0.4] | 0.2 [0.0–0.5] | 0.3 [0.1–0.6] | .002 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 51.8 [42.8–61.1] | 48.0 [36.1–56.7] | 41.0 [32.1–53.9] | <.001 |
| Time on dialysis (months) | 30.0 [14.0–48.0] | 29.0 [16.0–50.0] | 24.0 [11.5–46.5] | .294 |
| Total number of HLA mismatches | 2.0 [0.0–2.5] | 2.0 [1.0–3.0] | 2.0 [1.0–2.5] | .600 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.9 [22.5–27.8] | 25.5 [23.6–29.0] | 26.0 [23.7–28.0] | .120 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 93.7 ± 13.8 | 97.6 ± 13.8 | 99.1 ± 13.1 | .001 |
| Smoking (yes) | 74 (46.0) | 49 (31.0) | 70 (44.0) | .013 |
| Dietary fruit intake (cups per day) | 1.0 [1.0 to 2.0] | 1.0 [1.0 to 2.0] | 1.0 [1.0 to 2.0] | .796 |
| Dietary vegetable intake (cups per day) | 3.0 [2.0 to 3.0] | 2.0 [2.0 to 3.0] | 2.0 [2.0 to 3.0] | .821 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 148.0 [131.0–165.0] | 151.0 [139.5–164.5] | 151.0 [136.0–167.0] | .183 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 88.2 ± 10.4 | 90.3 ± 9.7 | 90.4 ± 9.7 | .081 |
| hs-CRP (mg/dl) | 1.9 [0.8–4.3] | 2.1 [1.1–4.8] | 1.9 [0.7–4.1] | .326 |
| Diabetes N (%) (yes) | 51 (31.3) | 42 (26.4) | 54 (34.0) | .334 |
| Myocardial infarction history N (%) | 13 (8.1) | 12 (7.6) | 16 (10.1) | .695 |
| Cerebrovascular accident or transient ischemic attack history N (%) | 13 (8.1) | 4 (2.5) | 8 (5.1) | .084 |
| Insulin (µmol/l) | 11.2 [8.3–16.6] | 11.0 [7.8–14.8] | 10.6 [7.7–14.7] | .559 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.1 [5.7–6.7] | 6.4 [5.8–6.9] | 6.4 [6.0–7.2] | .007 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.3 [1.6–3.5] | 2.2 [1.5–3.3] | 2.2 [1.6–3.1] | .783 |
| Statin use N (%) (yes) | 75 (46.0) | 76 (47.8) | 91 (57.2) | .098 |
| Glucose (mmol/l) | 4.4 [4.0–5.0] | 4.5 [4.1–5.0] | 4.6 [4.1–5.0] | .197 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5.4 ± 0.9 | 5.7 ± 1.0 | 5.9 ± 1.2 | <.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.2 [1.0–1.4] | 1.1 [0.9–1.3] | 1.0 [0.8–1.1] | <.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.4 [1.1–1.9] | 1.9 [1.4–2.4] | 2.5 [1.8–3.2] | <.001 |
| Apo A-I (g/dl) | 1.6 [1.4–1.8] | 1.5 [1.3–1.7] | 1.5 [1.3–1.7] | .001 |
| Apo B (g/dl) | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | <.001 |
| Prednisolone dose (mg/day) | 10.0 [8.1–10.0] | 10.0 [7.5–10.0] | 10.0 [7.5–10.0] | .779 |
| Calcineurine inhibitor use N (%) | .003 | |||
| None | 46 (28.2) | 32 (20.1) | 27 (17.0) | |
| Cyclosporine | 91 (55.8) | 105 (66.0) | 121 (76.1) | |
| Tacrolimus | 26 (16.0) | 22 (13.8) | 11 (6.9) | |
| Proliferation inhibitor use N (%) | .016 | |||
| No | 28 (17.2) | 45 (28.3) | 52 (32.7) | |
| Azathioprine | 64 (39.3) | 47 (29.6) | 52 (32.7) | |
| Mycophenolic acid | 71 (43.6) | 67 (42.1) | 55 (34.6) |
Normally distributed variables are given as mean ± standard deviation, skewed variables as median [interquartile range] and categorical variables as N (%). Significance was tested using one-way analysis of variance for normally distributed variables, Kruskall–Wallis test for skewed variables and χ2 test for categorical variables.
eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HOMA-IR, HOMA of insulin resistance; Apo A, apolipoprotein A-I; ApoB, apolipoprotein B.