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. 2024 Oct 17;14:24375. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-75239-x

Table 3.

Adiabatic energies, Ea (S1) (in eV), fluorescence energy, Efl. (in eV), oscillator strength, f, dipole moment, µe, and carbonyl bond distances of the S1LE(π,π), S1LD(n,π*) and S1LU(n,π*) excited–state forms for three flavin derivatives optimized at the ADC(2)/cc-pVDZ theory level.

State S1LE(π,π*) S1LD(n,π*) S1LU(n,π*) S0
Molecule 1, roatmer H-bonded
 Ea (S1) 2.374 eV 2.389 eV 2.043 eV 0.00
 Efl. 1.71 eV (1.90 eV) 1.24 eV 0.47 eV
 ffl. 0.1112 0.0000007 0.000004
 µe 6.0 D 4.3 D 10.3 D 6.5 D
 R1(C(2)-O) 1.241 Å 1.225 Å 1.379 Å 1.222 Å
 R2(C(4)-O) 1.227 Å 1.368 Å 1.222 Å 1.223 Å
 R3(C(4’)H—N(1)) 2.488 Å 2.502 Å 2.558 Å 2.487 Å
Molecule 1, rotamer non-H-bonded
 Ea (S1) 2.465 2.441 2.074 0.026 eV
 Efl. 1.93 eV (2.09 eV) 1.27 eV 0.46 eV
 ffl. 0.1581 0.000003 0.000004
 µe 7.4 D 4.0 D 10.5 D 6.7 D
 R1(C(2)-O) 1.234 Å 1.226 Å 1.379 Å 1.221 Å
 R2(C(4)-O) 1.229 Å 1.367 Å 1.222 Å 1.223 Å
 R3(C(4’)H—N(1)) 5.264 Å 5.243 Å 5.266 Å 5.159 Å
Molecule 2
 Ea (S1) 2.443 eV 2.376 eV 2.028 eV 0.0 eV
 Efl. 1.98 eV 1.22 eV 0.43 eV
 ffl. 0.1801 0.0000006 0.000003
 µe 7.9 D 4.3 D 10.2 D 6.8 D
 R1(C(2)-O) 1.234 Å 1.220 Å 1.380 Å 1.221
 R2(C(4)-O) 1.229 Å 1.368 Å 1.222 Å 1.223
Molecule 3
 Ea (S1) 2.474 eV 2.378 eV 2.038 eV 0.0 eV
 Efl. 1.93 eV 1.22 eV 0.433 eV
 ffl. 0.1679 0.0000006 0.00003
 µe 7.8 D 3.4 D 9.6 D 6.6 D
 R1(C(2)-O) 1.235 Å 1.224 Å 1.379 Å 1.220 Å
 R2(C(4)-O) 1.228 Å 1.368 Å 1.222 Å 1.223 Å
Molecule 4
 Ea (S1) 2.531 eV 2.384 eV 2.051 eV 0.00
 Efl. 1.87 eV 1.22 eV 0.44 eV
 ffl. 0.1342 0.0000006 0.000003
 µe 8.9 D 3.2 D 10.0 D 7.6 D
 R1(C(2)-O) 1.237 Å 1.224 Å 1.380 Å 1.220 Å
 R2(C(4)-O) 1.228 Å 1.368 Å 1.222 Å 1.223 Å

Single point calculation of Efl at the CC2/aug-cc-pVDZ level are given in parenthesis