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. 2024 Oct 18;22:634. doi: 10.1186/s12951-024-02890-x

Scheme 1.

Scheme 1

Schematic illustration of SeNPs ameliorating rat lumbar disc degeneration. SeNPs enhance expression of GPX1 and mitochondrial function of NPCs. After injection administration, SeNPs significantly promote GPX1 expression, thereby improving mitochondrial function and decreasing ROS level. SeNPs ameliorate lumbar disc degeneration by increasing matrix synthesis and inhibiting matrix degradation