Table 4.
Multiple regression model for the length of hospital stay of coronary artery bypass graft patients in the matched cohort (N = 182)
| Characteristics | Univariable | Multivariable | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standardized beta (95% CI) | p-value | Standardized beta (95% CI) | p-value | ||
| POAF | 4.61 (1.78–7.54) | 0.002 | 4.36 (1.70–7.03) | 0.001 | |
| Age | |||||
| < 60 years | Reference | Reference | |||
| 60–69 years | 1.09 (-3.57–5.75) | 0.646 | 1.06 (0.97–1.15) | 0.207 | |
| 70–79 years | 4.07 (-0.41–8.55) | 0.075 | 4.09 (0.50–33.71) | 0.191 | |
| ≥ 80 years | 2.64 (-3.66–8.95) | 0.409 | 1.57 (0.98–2.52) | 0.059 | |
| Sex, men | 0.77 (-2.49–4.03) | 0.643 | 1.66 (0.56–4.87) | 0.356 | |
| Smoking | |||||
| Non-smoker | Reference | Reference | |||
| Ex-smoker | 2.10 (-1.34–5.54) | 0.229 | 2.25 (0.78–6.47) | 0.130 | |
| Smoker | -1.20 (-5.04–2.65) | 0.541 | 1.10 (0.36–3.39) | 0.861 | |
| Alcohol drinking, yes | -1.89 (-4.85–1.08) | 0.211 | -1.19 (-3.96–1.59) | 0.401 | |
| Health insurance, medical aids | 7.59 (4.29–10.90) | < 0.001 | 4.37 (1.11–7.64) | 0.009 | |
| Body mass index | -0.31 (-0.75–0.12) | 0.160 | -0.29 (0.78–6.46) | 0.131 | |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Hypertension, yes | 2.05 (-1.70–5.79) | 0.283 | 1.53 (-1.42–4.48) | 0.308 | |
| Diabetes, yes | 0.33 (-2.67-–0.32) | 0.831 | 1.43 (-1.12–3.98) | 0.270 | |
| Chronic kidney injury, yes | 4.02 (0.79–7.25) | 0.015 | -0.35 (-3.65–2.96) | 0.835 | |
| COPD, yes | 5.77 (0.44–11.09) | 0.034 | 6.16 (1.23–11.09) | 0.015 | |
| Mitral valve regurgitation, yes | 4.96 (0.97–8.94) | 0.015 | 2.02 (-1.74–5.78) | 0.290 | |
| History of acute kidney injury, yes | 8.89 (3.07–14.72) | 0.003 | 4.47 (-1.15–10.09) | 0.119 | |
| History of stroke, yes | 1.92 (-1.43–5.27) | 0.261 | 2.59 (-0.69–5.87) | 0.121 | |
| History of myocardial infarction, yes | 3.15 (-0.54–6.84) | 0.094 | 2.22 (0.89–5.56) | 0.090 | |
| Left atrium size | 0.06 (-0.21–0.33) | 0.645 | -0.02 (-0.25–0.21) | 0.870 | |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction | -0.17 (-0.27–0.07) | 0.001 | -0.09 (-0.19–0.01) | 0.079 | |
| Pre-operative hemoglobin | -1.64 (-2.47–0.82) | < 0.001 | -1.28 (-2.120.44) | 0.003 | |
| Pre-operative CK-MB | 0.05 (0.00–0.09) | 0.053 | 0.0.23 (-0.014–0.03) | 0.473 | |
| Pre-operative ≥ 0.5 ng/mL | 0.19 (0.02–0.36) | 0.032 | 0.06 (-0.09–0.22) | 0.421 | |
| Cardiopulmonary bypass use | 3.05 (-0.28–6.38) | 0.073 | 0.46 (0.19–1.12) | 0.083 | |
| Intra-operative IABP | 5.99 (0.50–11.49) | 0.033 | 3.29 (-2.15–8.73) | 0.234 | |
| APACHE II score at ICU admission | 0.20 (-0.1–0.55) | 0.280 | 0.14 (-0.17–0.46) | 0.373 | |
| Duration of mechanical ventilation | 0.09 (0.01–0.18) | 0.026 | 0.06 (-0.01–0.14) | 0.094 | |
APACHE II = Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, CK-MB = creatine kinase MB fraction, COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, IABP = intra-aortic balloon pump, ICU = intensive care unit, POAF = postoperative atrial fibrillation; Health insurance (ref: no health insurance), CI: confidence interval, POAF: postoperative atrial fibrillation