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. 2024 Oct 17;12:568. doi: 10.1186/s40359-024-02045-5

Table 3.

MANCOVA assumptions

Assumption Result
Linearity Linear relationships between covariates and dependent variables confirmed
Multicollinearity No high correlations between dependent variables (r < .85)
Homogeneity of regression slopes No significant interaction between covariates and group factor, p > .05
Equality of covariance matrices Box’s M test non-significant, p > .05
Normality Shapiro-Wilk test for residuals, normal distribution confirmed
Levene’s Test Homogeneity of variance confirmed, p > .05