Table 5.
Factors associated with very severe anaemia in children <5 years with SCD in the first hospitalisation in univariate and multivariate model.
| Parameter (n = sample size at enrolment) | Non-life-threatening anaemia, [mean ± SD or n/N (%)] | Very severe anaemia, [mean ± SD or n/N (%)] | Univariable, OR (95% CI) | Multivariable (n = 351, R2 = 0.89), OR (95% CI) | Multivariable, multiple events (n = 500), OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Log (age) (396) | 0.86 ± 0.60 | 0.99 ± 0.51 | 1.60 (1.03–2.49)∗ | 1.32 (1.04–1.68)∗ | 1.33 (1.09–1.61)∗ |
| Sex (male) (396) | 181/316 (57.3) | 49/80 (61.2) | 1.18 (0.71–1.94) | ||
| Physical signs | |||||
| Pallor (378) | 165/303 (54.5) | 62/75 (82.7) | 3.99 (2.10–7.56)∗∗ | ||
| Pulse (369) | 108.24 ± 26.13 | 110.65 ± 20.43 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | ||
| Enlarged spleen (364) | 66/289 (22.8) | 44/75 (58.7) | 2.86 (1.21–6.73)∗ | 2.10 (1.12–3.96)∗ | 2.12 (1.27–3.54)∗ |
| Laboratory features | |||||
| RBC (392)a | 2.89 ± 0.73 | 1.51 ± 0.34 | 0.49 (0.41–0.59)∗∗ | ||
| MCV (389) | 79.17 ± 11.50 | 85.38 ± 11.76 | 1.05 (1.03–1.08)∗∗ | 1.04 (1.01–1.07)∗∗ | 1.04 (1.02–1.07)∗∗ |
| Macrocytosis (389) | 27 (8.8) | 21 (25.0) | 3.43 (1.82–6.46)∗∗ | ||
| Microcytosis (389) | 154 (50.5) | 26 (30.9) | 0.44 (0.26–0.74)∗∗ | ||
| MCHC (1240) | 31.32 ± 1.57 | 30.63 ± 1.90 | 0.76 (0.65–0.90)∗∗ | 0.81 (0.67–0.99)∗ | 0.87 (0.74–1.02)§ |
| RDW (393) | 23.25 ± 3.69 | 24.89 ± 4.21 | 1.11 (1.04–1.18)∗∗ | 1.12 (1.03–1.20)∗∗ | 1.14 (1.07–1.22)∗∗ |
| Reticulocytes (136) | 12.30 ± 7.20 | 15.67 ± 8.93 | 1.06 (1.00–1.12)∗ | ||
| WBC (346) | 21.57 ± 8.18 | 24.90 ± 9.48 | 1.05 (1.01–1.08)∗∗ | ||
| Platelet count (394)b | 347.05 ± 188.48 | 200.57 ± 147.73 | 0.94 (0.93–0.96)∗∗ | 0.96 (0.94–0.98)∗∗ | 0.96 (0.95–0.98)∗∗ |
| LDH (289)b | 916.70 ± 484.76 | 1069.43 ± 456.78 | 1.00 (1.00–1.01)∗ |
∗∗p < 0.01, ∗p < 0.05.
§p < 0.1.
a
Scaled by 10 (i.e. RBC ∗ 10).
b
Scaled by 0.1 (i.e. LDH ∗ 0.1; Platelet count∗ 0.1).