Skip to main content
. 2024 Oct 19;12:579. doi: 10.1186/s40359-024-02080-2

Table 1.

Factor loadings of the TSS and FFCS items deriving from the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses among women and men, respectively

Model 1: Among Women (TSS)
EFA CFA
F1: Fear of Personal Complications During Pregnancy and Childbirth F2: Fear of Fetal Complications During Pregnancy and Childbirth F3: Behavioral Responses to Fear Loading factor Standard error p
1-I worry about medical complications during pregnancy and/or childbirth 0.64 0.62 0.030 < 0.001
2- I worry about the type of delivery that I will have a baby 0.71 0.61 0.029 < 0.001
3- I worry that something terrible will happen to me during my pregnancy and/or childbirth 0.70 0.69 0.025 < 0.001
4- I worry that something terrible will happen to my baby during my pregnancy and/or childbirth 0.61 0.65 0.028 < 0.001
5- I worry that I will not be able to cope with the pain of pregnancy and/or childbirth 0.77 0.67 0.026 < 0.001
6-I worry about the medical procedures required during pregnancy and/or childbirth 0.59 0.61 0.027 < 0.001
7-I avoid talking about pregnancy, children and childbirth because of my fears 0.67 0.64 0.030 < 0.001
8- I worry that I will not be in control of the medical procedures during my pregnancy and/or delivery 0.56 0.78 0.027 < 0.001
9-I worry that pregnancy and/or childbirth will be too painful 0.78 0.68 0.026 < 0.001
10-I check excessively to determine if I am pregnant 0.47 0.18 0.045 < 0.001
11-I have nightmares about being pregnant and/or delivering a child 0.79 0.53 0.036 < 0.001
12- I worry that something dangerous will happen to me during pregnancy or the delivery (e.g., a ruptured uterus, preeclampsia, emergency interventions, death) 0.58 0.71 0.025 < 0.001
13- I worry that something dangerous will happen to my child during pregnancy or the delivery (e.g., injury or death) 0.73 0.68 0.027 < 0.001
Variance explained 0.31 0.16 0.16 - - -
Model 2: Among males (FFCS)
EFA CFA
F1: Emotional Responses During Partner’s Childbirth F2: Hospital Concerns During Childbirth F3: Perinatal Partner and Child’s Health Concerns Loading factor Standard error p
1-I worry about the quality of sex with my spouse after childbirth 0.65 0.66 0.040 < 0.001
2-As the time of childbirth approaches, my worries increase 0.64 0.69 0.039 < 0.001
3-I am afraid that dangerous medical interventions will be needed during childbirth 0.59 0.80 0.036 < 0.001
4-During my spouse’s childbirth, I will feel helpless 0.77 0.75 0.036 < 0.001
5-During my spouse’s childbirth, I will feel fear 0.62 0.87 0.032 < 0.001
6-During my spouse’s childbirth, I will feel restless 0.63 0.85 0.032 < 0.001
7-Because of my spouse’s fear of childbirth, I feel fear 0.65 0.80 0.033 < 0.001
8-I am afraid that I am not capable enough to support my spouse during childbirth 0.62 0.74 0.038 < 0.001
9-I am afraid that my spouse’s childbirth will be risky 0.64 0.85 0.031 < 0.001
10-I will feel fear because of my spouse ‘s pain 0.63 0.85 0.033 < 0.001
11-I am afraid that my spouse’s health will be endangered due to childbirth 0.73 0.86 0.037 < 0.001
12-I am afraid that my child’s health will be endangered due to childbirth 0.60 0.83 0.035 < 0.001
13-I am afraid that the hospital staff will not take enough care of my spouse 0.70 0.90 0.032 < 0.001
14-I am afraid the hospital staff will not treat me and my spouse respectfully 0.71 0.82 0.035 < 0.001
15-I am afraid that my child will be hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit after birth 0.63 0.88 0.034 < 0.001
16-I am afraid that the hospital staff will not have enough skills to perform a safe childbirth 0.79 0.89 0.034 < 0.001
17-I am afraid that the hospital will not have enough facilities and equipment for a safe childbirth 0.81 0.86 0.034 < 0.001
Variance explained 0.25 0.23 0.20 < 0.001

Note: in both models, the structure outlined in the EFA is replicated in the CFA