Table 4.
Association of secondhand smoke with GERD using multivariable logistic regression analysis in never smokers (n = 88,297).
| Variables | Multivariable (GERD) | |
|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio (95% CI) | p | |
| Age (per 1 year) | 1.023 (1.021–1.025) | <0.001 |
| Male vs. female | 0.865 (0.816–0.916) | <0.001 |
| DM | 1.164 (1.055–1.284) | 0.003 |
| Hypertension | 1.158 (1.089–1.232) | <0.001 |
| Secondhand smoke | 1.131 (1.053–1.216) | 0.001 |
| Alcohol history | 1.204 (1.077–1.346) | 0.001 |
| Regular exercise habits | 0.969 (0.929–1.011) | 0.143 |
| Fasting glucose (per 1 mg/dL) | 0.998 (0.997–0.999) | 0.001 |
| Triglyceride (per 1 mg/dL) | 1.000 (1.000–1.001) | 0.005 |
| Total cholesterol (per 1 mg/dL) | 1.000 (0.999–1.002) | 0.606 |
| LDL-C (per 1 mg/dL) | 1.000 (0.999–1.001) | 0.924 |
| eGFR (per 1 mL/min/1.73 m2) | 0.999 (0.998–1.000) | 0.199 |
| Uric acid (per 1 mg/dL) | 0.966 (0.948–0.984) | <0.001 |
Values expressed as odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI). Abbreviations are the same as in Table 1. Adjusted for age, sex, DM and hypertension, secondhand smoke and alcohol history, regular exercise habit, fasting glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, eGFR and uric acid.