Table 2.
Descriptive characteristics at the index visit between those treated and not treated with oral analgesics among participants with and without depressive symptoms
| Variables | No depressive symptoms (n = 1328) |
Depressive symptoms (n = 121) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not treated (n = 1097) | Treated (n = 231) | SMD | Not treated (n = 94) | Treated (n = 26) | SMD | |
| Age, years | 62.63 (8.95) | 63.12 (9.05) | 0.054 | 61.36 (9.27) | 58.04 (8.46) | 0.374 |
| Female sex | 570 (52.0%) | 126 (54.5%) | 0.052 | 55 (58.5%) | 17 (65.4%) | 0.142 |
| Non-White | 189 (17.2%) | 49 (21.2%) | 0.101 | 24 (25.5%) | 10 (38.5%) | 0.280 |
| Marital status | 0.075 | 0.287 | ||||
| Married | 762 (69.8%) | 163 (70.6%) | 53 (56.4%) | 11 (44.0%) | ||
| Widowed | 85 (7.8%) | 20 (8.7%) | 11 (11.7%) | 3 (12.0%) | ||
| Divorced | 135 (12.4%) | 29 (12.6%) | 19 (20.2%) | 6 (24.0%) | ||
| Separated | 13 (1.2%) | 3 (1.3%) | 2 (2.1%) | 1 (4.0%) | ||
| Never | 96 (8.8%) | 16 (6.9%) | 9 (9.6%) | 4 (16.0%) | ||
| Education | 0.093 | 0.264 | ||||
| No college degree | 372 (34.1%) | 89 (38.5%) | 48 (51.1%) | 15 (60.0%) | ||
| College degree | 362 (33.2%) | 72 (31.2%) | 25 (26.6%) | 4 (16.0%) | ||
| Graduate degree | 358 (32.8%) | 70 (30.3%) | 21 (22.3%) | 6 (24.0%) | ||
| Employed | 656 (59.9%) | 143 (61.9%) | 0.042 | 60 (63.8%) | 16 (64.0%) | 0.004 |
| Insured | 1074 (98.4%) | 226 (97.8%) | 0.038 | 88 (93.6%) | 24 (96.0%) | 0.108 |
| Smoking | 0.024 | 0.315 | ||||
| Never | 590 (54.6%) | 127 (55.2%) | 53 (57.0%) | 12 (48.0%) | ||
| Current | 48 (4.4%) | 11 (4.8%) | 6 (6.5%) | 4 (16.0%) | ||
| Former | 443 (41.0%) | 92 (40.0%) | 34 (36.6%) | 9 (36.0%) | ||
| Alcohol use | 0.059 | 0.293 | ||||
| None | 180 (16.5%) | 43 (18.6%) | 26 (27.7%) | 4 (16.0%) | ||
| Minimal | 815 (74.7%) | 167 (72.3%) | 60 (63.8%) | 18 (72.0%) | ||
| Moderate | 96 (8.8%) | 21 (9.1%) | 8 (8.5%) | 3 (12.0%) | ||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 0.34 (0.82) | 0.43 (0.76) | 0.118 | 0.45 (0.88) | 0.62 (0.97) | 0.187 |
| Symptomatic | 485 (44.3%) | 123 (53.2%) | 0.181 | 52 (55.3%) | 17 (65.4%) | 0.207 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.70 (4.53) | 29.73 (4.66) | 0.226 | 29.48 (4.48) | 31.62 (4.64) | 0.470 |
| Knee injections | 23 (2.1%) | 19 (8.2%) | 0.280 | 5 (5.3%) | 3 (11.5%) | 0.225 |
| Knee injuries | 38 (3.5%) | 15 (6.5%) | 0.140 | 2 (2.1%) | 6 (23.1%) | 0.665 |
| Gait speed, m/s | 1.36 (0.20) | 1.31 (0.20) | 0.273 | 1.26 (0.22) | 1.19 (0.26) | 0.258 |
| WOMAC pain | 10.59 (14.00) | 18.41 (19.26) | 0.465 | 16.65 (19.98) | 26.98 (23.70) | 0.471 |
| K-L grade | 0.251 | 0.320 | ||||
| 2 | 621 (56.6%) | 104 (45.0%) | 56 (59.6%) | 13 (50.0%) | ||
| 3 | 365 (33.3%) | 90 (39.0%) | 30 (31.9%) | 8 (30.8%) | ||
| 4 | 111 (10.1%) | 37 (16.0%) | 8 (8.5%) | 5 (19.2%) | ||
Figures are n (%) or mean (SD).
BMI, body mass index; K-L grade, Kellgren–Lawrence grade; SMD, standardized mean difference; SD, standard deviation; WOMAC, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index.