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. 2013 Jul 31;2013(7):CD006798. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006798.pub4

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Trial sequential analysis of pain 
 Trial sequential analysis of pain showing that the cumulative Z‐curve (blue line) enters the futility area after the third trial. The diversity‐adjusted required information size (DARIS) was 359 participants based on a minimal relevant difference (MIRD) of 1 cm on the visual analogue scale, a variance (VAR) of 11.41, an alpha (a) of 5%, a beta (b) of 20%, and a diversity (D2) of 0%. The results are compatible with lack of difference in pain scores between day‐surgery and overnight stay surgery for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.