Table 1.
Trial features and baseline characteristics of participants for 21 trials included in the network meta-analysis
| Study | phase | Sample size | Gender(M/F) | Mean age(years) | intervention | Time since onset (y) | Thymectomy | Intervention periods | AChR+ | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Yan 2022(26) |
2 |
BAT680mg: 11 BAT340mg: 10 PLA:9 |
BAT680mg: 2/9 BAT340mg: 2/8 PLA:2/7 |
BAT680mg: 40.6 ± 16.8 BAT340mg: 36.4 ± 9.8 PLA:40.2 ± 9.3 |
BAT |
BAT680mg: 6.4 ± 5.7 BAT340mg: 9.8 ± 10.8 PLA:6.0 ± 6.8 |
BAT680mg: 3 BAT340mg: 3 PLA:2 |
43 days |
BAT680mg: 11 BAT340mg: 9 PLA:8 |
a.b.c.d.e.f. |
|
Yan 2024(45) |
3 |
BAT:67 PLA:64 |
BAT:27/40 PLA:16/48 |
BAT:43.8 ± 13.9 PLA:43.7 ± 13.5 |
BAT | NA |
BAT:23 PLA:14 |
6 weeks |
BAT:65 PLA:59 |
a.b.c.d.e. |
|
Hewett 2018(27) |
2 |
BEL: 18 PLA: 21 |
BEL: 8/10 PLA: 7/14 |
BEL: 52.7 ± 17.32 PLA: 59 ± 13.88 |
BEL |
BEL: 6.95 ± 9.03 PLA: 8.30 ± 8.06 |
BEL: 6 PLA: 7 |
24 weeks |
BEL: 18 PLA: 20 |
a.b.c.e.f. |
|
Howard 2017(28) |
3 |
ECU:62 PLA:63 |
ECU:21/41 PLA:22/41 |
ECU:47.5 ± 15.7 PLA:46.9 ± 18 |
ECU |
ECU:9.9 ± 8.1 PLA:9.2 ± 8.4 |
ECU:37 PLA:31 |
26 weeks | NA | a.b.c.d.f. |
|
Howard 2019(29) |
2 |
EFG:12 PLA:12 |
EFG:5/7 PLA:4/8 |
EFG:55.3 ± 13.6 PLA:43.5 ± 19.3 |
EFG |
EFG:8.2 ± 9 PLA:13.3 ± 11.2 |
NA | 78 days | NA | a.b.c.d.e.f. |
|
Howard 2021(30) |
3 |
EFG:84 PLA:83 |
EFG:21/63 PLA:28/55 |
EFG:45.9 ± 14.4 PLA:48.2 ± 15 |
EFG |
EFG:10.1 ± 9 PLA:8.8 ± 7.6 |
EFG:59 PLA:36 |
8 weeks |
EFG:65 PLA:64 |
a.b.c.d.e.f. |
|
GomezMancilla 2024(31) |
2 |
ISC:22 PLA:22 |
ISC:10/12 PLA:6/16 |
ISC:44.7 ± 13.5 PLA:43.3 ± 13.9 |
ISC |
ISC:8.2 ± 6.96 PLA:8.4 ± 8.47 |
NA | 25 weeks |
ISC:22 PLA:22 |
a.b.c.d.e.f. |
|
Antozzi 2024(32) |
2 |
NIP:54 PLA:14 |
NIP:25/29 PLA:6/8 |
NIP:57.5 ± 14.8 PLA:60.5 ± 14.5 |
NIP |
NIP:7.3 ± 7.31 PLA:13.2 ± 9.81 |
NA | 57 days |
NIP:51 PLA:3 |
a.b.d.e.f. |
|
Tuan 2022(33) |
3 |
RAV:86 PLA:89 |
RAV:42/44 PLA:44/45 |
RAV:58.0 ± 13.8 PLA:53.3 ± 16.1 |
RAV |
RAV:9.8 ± 9.7 PLA:10.0 ± 8.9 |
NA | 26 weeks |
RAV:86 PLA:89 |
a.b.d.e.f. |
|
Bril 2021(34) |
2 |
ROZ:21 PLA:22 |
ROZ:8/13 PLA:8/14 |
ROZ:50.5 ± 14.7 PLA:53 ± 15.7 |
ROZ | NA |
ROZ:11 PLA:10 |
29 days |
ROZ:19 PLA:21 |
a.b.c.e.f. |
|
Bril 2023(35) |
3 |
ROZ 7 mg:66 ROZ 10 mg:67 PLA:67 |
ROZ 7 mg:27/39 ROZ 10 mg:32/35 PLA:20/47 |
ROZ 7 mg:53.2 ± 14.7 ROZ 10 mg:51.9 ± 16.5 PLA:50.4 ± 17.7 |
ROZ | NA |
ROZ 7 mg:32 ROZ 10 mg:20 PLA:31 |
43 days |
ROZ 7 mg:60 ROZ 10 mg:60 PLA:59 |
a.b.c.e.f. |
|
Howard 2020(36) |
2 |
ZIL0.1 mg:15 ZIL0.3 mg: 14 PLA:15 |
ZIL:7/8 ZIL0.3 mg: 10/4 PLA:4/11 |
ZIL0.1 mg:45.5 ± 15.7 ZIL0.3 mg: 54.6 ± 15.5 PLA:48.4 ± 15.7 |
ZIL |
ZIL0.1 mg:6.5 ± 5.63 ZIL0.3 mg: 5.3 ± 6.38 PLA:6.3 ± 5.2 |
ZIL0.1 mg:8 ZIL0.3 mg: 7 PLA:5 |
12 weeks |
ZIL0.1 mg:15 ZIL0.3 mg: 14 PLA:15 |
a.b.c.d.e.f. |
|
Howard 2023(37) |
3 |
ZIL:86 PLA:88 |
ZIL:34/52 PLA:41/47 |
ZIL:52.6 ± 14.6 PLA:53.3 ± 15.7 |
ZIL |
ZIL:9.3 ± 9.5 PLA:9 ± 10.4 |
ZIL:45 PLA:37 |
12 weeks |
ZIL:86 PLA:88 |
a.b.c.d.e.f. |
|
Piehl 2022(38) |
3 |
RIT:25 PLA:22 |
RIT:18/7 PLA:15/7 |
RIT:67.4 ± 13.4 PLA:58 ± 18.6 |
RIT | NA | NA | 16 weeks |
RIT:23 PLA:22 |
a.b.d.e.f. |
|
Nowak 2022(39) |
2 |
RIT:25 PLA:27 |
RIT:14/11 PLA:15/12 |
RIT:53.2 ± 17.5 PLA:56.8 ± 17 |
RIT |
RIT:6.7 ± 6.5 PLA:4.4 ± 5.3 |
RIT:8 PLA:14 |
52 weeks |
RIT:25 PLA:27 |
a.b.c.d.e.f. |
|
Zhou 2017(41) |
3 |
TAC:44 PLA:38 |
TAC:16/28 PLA:20/18 |
TAC:41 ± 12.8 PLA:44 ± 12.1 |
TAC |
TAC:27.9 ± 37.8 M PLA:63.5 ± 90.2 M |
NA | 24 weeks | NA | a.b.e.f. |
|
Yoshikawa 2011(40) |
3 |
TAC:40 PLA:40 |
TAC:17/23 PLA:13/27 |
TAC:45.9 ± 11.5 PLA:44.4 ± 12.36 |
TAC |
TAC:7.41 ± 9 PLA:7.94 ± 9.54 |
TAC:28 PLA:30 |
28 weeks | NA | a.b.e.f. |
|
Pasnoor 2016(42) |
3 |
MTX:25 PLA:25 |
MTX:19/6 PLA:16/9 |
MTX:66.5 ± 13.85 PLA:68.6 ± 15.15 |
MTX | NA | NA | 52 weeks | NA | a.b.c.d.e. |
| Meriggioli 2003(44) | 2 |
MMF:7 PLA:7 |
MMF:2/5 PLA:2/5 |
MMF:57.7 ± 8.75 PLA:51.3 ± 12.75 |
MMF |
MMF:8.99 PLA:9.91 |
MMF:3 PLA:5 |
21 weeks |
MMF:5 PLA:6 |
b. |
| Sanders 2008a(43) | 3 |
MMF:88 PLA:88 |
MMF:42/46 PLA:40/48 |
MMF:49 ± 18 PLA:49.7 ± 18.4 |
MMF |
MMF:35.1 ± 30.8 PLA:41.1 ± 39.2 M |
MMF:23 PLA:25 |
36 weeks | NA | a.b.e.f. |
| Sanders 2008b(46) | 3 |
MMF:41 PLA:39 |
MMF:24/17 PLA:23/16 |
MMF:57.1 ± 18.8 PLA:55.3 ± 17.7 |
MMF |
MMF:2 ± 4.1 PLA:2 ± 4.4 |
NA | 12 weeks | NA | a.b.e. |
a. Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) score
b. Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis (QMG) score
c. Myasthenia Gravis Composite (MGC) score
d. 15-item revised version of the Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life (MG-QoL 15r) score
e. adverse effects (AEs)
f. several adverse effects (SAEs)
ROZ, rozanolixzumab; BAT, batoclimab; EFG, efgartigimod; NIP, nipocalimab; ECU, eculizumab; ZIL, zilucoplan; RAV, ravulizumab; BEL, belimumab; RIT, rituximab; ISC, iscalimab; PLA, placebo; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; TAC, Tacrolimus; MTX, Methotrexate; NA, not applicable; AChR, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor