de Greef 2006.
| Methods | Type of study: RCT | |
| Participants | Number of participants randomised: 45 Losses: 5 (2 from exercise group and 3 from control group) N = 45 Age: 85.3 years (exercise) 86.2 years (control) Sex: 33% men (exercise group) 9% men (control group) Health status as defined by authors: frail Residential status of participants: 74% nursing home residents; 26% sheltered housing residents Setting:The Netherlands Inclusion: over 75 years of age; independently mobile Exclusion:dementia; unable to give informed consent; physio assesses as "do not mobilise" |
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| Interventions | EXERCISE GROUP (MULTIPLE) (n = 22) : light intensity training programme with exercises from the "Dutch Institute for Sports Improvement" . Strength training, balance training and running. CONTROL GROUP: (n = 23): not stated Duration and intensity: I hour per week for 8 weeks. Intensity was 10 to 12 Borg Scale, equivalent to 50 ti 60 % max HR Supervisor: not reported Supervision: not reported Setting: not reported | |
| Outcomes | Dynamic Balance TUG (s) Static balance Functional Reach (cm) Walking Speed 10 metre walk test (s) Functional Abilities Physical Performance Test Compliance/adherence: not reported Adverse events: not reported |
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| Notes | ||
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Low risk | 45 randomised by drawing of lots |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Insufficient information to permit judgement |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Insufficient information to permit judgement |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | High risk | Set out to look at between group change but reports on within group changes |
| Other bias | Unclear risk | Paper not in English language and was translated |
| Blinding (participant) | High risk | Not possible |
| Blinding (assessor) | High risk | Assessor aware of group assignments. |
| Were the treatment and control group comparable at entry? | High risk | Differences noted by authors at baseline. These are described but not analysed. |
| Was the surveillance active, and of clinically appropriate duration (i.e. at least 3 months post intervention)? | High risk | Only immediately post intervention data, no follow‐up data reported |