Morris 1999.
| Methods | Type of study: cluster RCT (6 clusters, Fit for Life exercise = 2 clusters, self care for seniors = 2 clusters, control = 2 clusters). Homes matched in triplets based on reviewing 40 most recent minimum data set resident assessments. | |
| Participants | Number of participants randomised: 468 Losses: Control 31, exercise 18, nursing rehabilitation 27 Age: 84.7 Sex: 79% women. Health status as defined by authors:not defined Residential status of participants:long stay nursing beds Setting: USA Inclusion: all residents in long stay beds Exclusion:a terminal prognosis, projected length of stay greater than 90 days or health complications that prohibited contact. |
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| Interventions | EXERCISE GROUP (STRENGTH) (n = 142): progressive resistance training of upper and lower limbs CONTROL GROUP (n = 155): usual activities Duration and intensity: 10 months Supervisor:specially trained staff Supervision:group Setting: institutional | |
| Outcomes | Time able to stand normally in 5‐feet positions (s) Compliance/Adherence: not reported Adverse events:not reported |
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| Notes | Data not reported appropriately for analysis purposes. Also a third group was included 'self care for seniors'. | |
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Reported that homes were matched in triplets and in each triplet one home was randomly assigned to one of three groups. method of randomisation not stated. |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | High risk | Not possible as allocation by home |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Insufficient information |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Unclear risk | Insufficient information to permit judgement |
| Other bias | High risk | Failure to adjust for clustering |
| Blinding (participant) | High risk | Not possible |
| Blinding (assessor) | Low risk | All blind to allocation status |
| Were the treatment and control group comparable at entry? | Unclear risk | Insufficient information to permit judgement |
| Was the surveillance active, and of clinically appropriate duration (i.e. at least 3 months post intervention)? | High risk | Only immediately post intervention data, no follow‐up data reported |