Taaffe 1999.

Methods	Type of study: RCT
Participants	Number of participants randomised: 46 Losses:7 (5 in exercise and 2 control) N = 46 Age: 65 to 79 years Sex: 29 males, 17 females Health status as defined by authors: healthy Residential status of participants: community dwellers Setting: USA Inclusion: BMI < 30 Kg/m2 Exclusion: musculoskeletal disorders inhibiting exercise, participation in weight training in past 12 months
Interventions	EXERCISE GROUP (STRENGTH): high intensity progressive resistance training at 80% of 1 RM (repetition maximum) (repetition maximum) for upper and lower limbs. CONTROL GROUP: usual activity Duration and intensity: Ex1 = 1 day per week for 24 weeks, Ex2 = 2 days per week for 24 weeks, Ex3 = 3 days per week for 24 weeks Supervisor: not stated Supervision: group with direct supervision Setting: gym
Outcomes	backward tandem walk over 6 m Compliance/adherence: similar across interventions Adverse events: not reported
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Insufficient reporting of attrition/exclusions to permit judgement
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Other bias	Low risk	The study appears to be free of other sources of bias
Blinding (participant)	High risk	Not possible
Blinding (assessor)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Were the treatment and control group comparable at entry?	Low risk	No differences reported on baseline characteristics with a potential to influence the effect of the intervention
Was the surveillance active, and of clinically appropriate duration (i.e. at least 3 months post intervention)?	High risk	Only immediately post intervention data, no follow‐up data reported.