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. 2024 Feb 12;13(5):468–486. doi: 10.1159/000537686

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© 2024 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel

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Fig. 1. — Diagnostic algorithm for liver nodules. AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; CEUS, contrast-enhanced ultrasound; EOB-MRI, gadoxetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; MDCT, multidetector computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PIVKA-II, Protein induced by Vitamin K absence or antagonists-II; US, ultrasound. *Kupffer-phase contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with Sonazoid, combined with the reinjection technique, can also be recommended as a primary test for HCC patients who have cirrhosis with very coarse liver parenchyma and renal dysfunction, if a liver nodule ≥1 cm is detected by B-Mode ultrasonography (Statement 1–3).