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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Oct 22.
Published in final edited form as: Vet J. 2022 Sep 20;288:105897. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2022.105897

Figure 8.

Figure 8.

Oral warts, dog. The warts in this dog were first observed over a year ago and have continued to grow since this time. Additionally, new warts are continuing to develop in the mouth of this dog. Warts recurred after surgical excision. This dog most likely has an immune disorder that prevents the development of a normal cell-mediated response to papillomavirus infection (Image courtesy of Dr Margherita Gracis).