Table 5.
Prevalence of burnout among participants: descriptive analyses.
| Variable | MBI-HSS-MP Subscale | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emotional Exhaustion (EE) | Depersonalization (DP) | Personal Accomplishment (PA) | |||||||||||||
| SUM Method |
AVE Method |
Low | Moderate | High | SUM Method |
AVE Method |
Low | Moderate | High | SUM Method |
AVE Method |
Low | Moderate | High | |
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD; n (%) | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD; n (%) | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD; n (%) | ||||||||||
| Total | 28.59 ± 11.260 | 3.17± 1.251 | 14.7 ± 2.9; 41 (17.8) | 22.6 ± 2.2; 69 (30) | 36.8 ± 9.2; 119 (52.2) | 13.88 ± 5.841 | 2.77 ± 1.168 | 5 ± 0; 15 (6.5) | 7.5 ± 1.3; 30 (13) | 15.6 ± 5.1; 185 (80) | 38.33 ± 11.591 | 4.79 ± 1.448 | 48.5 ± 5.1; 112 (48.7) | 36.7 ± 1.8; 35 (15.2) | 25.3 ± 4.9; 83 (36.1) |
| Gender | |||||||||||||||
| Male (n = 153) | 28.44 ± 11.857 | 3.16 ± 1.3175 | 13.9 ± 2.9; 30 (13) | 22.6 ± 2.2; 47 (20.4) | 37.8 ± 9.2; 76 (33) | 13.55 ± 5.902 | 2.71 ± 1.1803 | 5 ± 0; 12 (5.2) | 7.2 ± 1.2; 23 (10) | 15.7 ± 5; 118 (51.3) | 38.11 ± 11.797 | 4.764 ± 1.4747 | 48.5 ± 5.2; 75 (32.6) | 36.7 ± 1.8; 19 (8.3) | 25.4 ± 5; 59 (25.7) |
| Female (n = 77) | 28.87 ± 10.037 | 3.208 ± 1.1152 | 16.9 ± 1.6; 11 (4.8) | 22.6 ± 2.5; 22 (9.6) | 35 ± 8.9; 44 (19.1) | 14.53 ± 5.705 | 2.906 ± 1.1409 | 5 ± 0; 3 (1.3) | 8.4 ± 1.1; 7 (3) | 15.6 ± 5.3; 67 (29.1) | 38.75 ± 11.232 | 4.844 ± 1.404 | 48.5 ± 4.9; 37 (16.1) | 36.8 ± 1.7; 16 (7) | 25 ± 4.8; 24 (10.4) |
| Age | |||||||||||||||
| 21 - 30 (n = 122) | 26.88 ± 10.228 | 2.986 ± 1.1364 | 15.3 ± 2.7; 26 (6.1) | 21.9 ± 2.2; 40 (13.3) | 35.8 ± 7.9; 56 (30.5) | 13.03 ± 5.485 | 2.607 ± 1.0969 | 5 ± 0; 8 (1.3) | 7.5 ± 1.2; 19 (4.5) | 14.8 ± 4.9; 95 (44.1) | 40.75 ± 10.86 | 5.093 ± 1.3575 | 48.1 ± 4.8; 73 (39.8) | 37.5 ± 1.5; 19 (8.1) | 24.9 ± 5.7; 30 (8.5) |
| 31 - 40 (n = 64) | 32.13 ± 11.798 | 3.569 ± 1.3109 | 13.9 ± 3.2; 7 (1.5) | 23.5 ± 2.2; 12 (4.3) | 37.3 ± 9.8; 45 (25.5) | 15.67 ± 5.787 | 3.134 ± 1.1575 | 5 ± 0; 3 (0.5) | 7.8 ± 1.6; 5 (1.2) | 16.9 ± 5; 56 (29.7) | 33.91 ± 10.584 | 4.238 ± 1.323 | 48.7 ± 4.9; 18 (9.9) | 35.9 ± 1.9; 10 (4.1) | 26 ± 3.4; 36 (10.6) |
| 41 - 60 (n = 44) | 28.18 ± 12.242 | 3.131 ± 1.3603 | 13.5 ± 3.1; 8 (1.6) | 23.6 ± 1.7; 17 (6.1) | 38.4 ± 11.2; 19 (11.1) | 13.61 ± 6.417 | 2.723 ± 1.2833 | 5 ± 0; 4 (0.6) | 7 ± 1.3; 6 (1.3) | 15.7 ± 5.6; 34 (16.8) | 38.05 ± 13.178 | 4.756 ± 1.6473 | 49.8 ± 6.08; 21 (11.9) | 35.7 ± 1.2; 6 (2.4) | 24.4 ± 6.1; 17 (4.7) |
| Nationality | |||||||||||||||
| Saudi Nationality (n =225) | 28.72 ± 11.247 | 3.191 ± 1.2497 | 14.7 ± 3; 39 (17) | 22.6 ± 2.2; 66 (28.7) | 36.7 ± 9.2; 119 (51.7) | 13.96 ± 5.788 | 2.793 ± 1.1576 | 5 ± 0; 13 (5.7) | 7.5 ± 1.2; 29 (12.6) | 15.6 ± 5.1; 182 (79.1) | 38.07 ± 11.564 | 4.759 ± 1.4455 | 48.4 ± 5.1; 107 (46.5) | 36.8 ± 1.8; 34 (14.8) | 25.3 ± 4.9; 83 (36.1) |
| Other Nationality (n = 5) | 22.6 ± 11.349 | 2.511 ± 1.261 | 14.5 ± 0.7; 2 (0.9) | 21 ± 1.4; 2 (0.9) | 42 ± 0; 1 (0.4) | 10 ± 7.681 | 2 ± 1.5362 | 5 ± 0; 2 (0.9) | 0 ± 0, 0(0) | 17 ± 8.5; 2 (0.9) | 49.8 ± 5.848 | 6.225 ± 0.731 | 49.8 ± 5.8; 5 (2.2) | 0 ± 0, 0(0) | 0 ± 0, 0(0) |
| Country of Radiologic Technology degree | |||||||||||||||
| Saudi Arabia (n = 208) | 28.61 ± 11.265 | 3.179 ± 1.2516 | 14.6 ± 2.9; 39 (17) | 22.6 ± 2.2; 62 (27) | 36.7 ± 9; 106 (46.1) | 13.94 ± 5.798 | 2.788 ± 1.1597 | 5 ± 0; 14 (6.1) | 7.7 ± 1.2; 26 (11.3) | 15.5 ± 5.1; 167 (72.6) | 38.17 ± 11.269 | 4.772 ± 1.4086 | 48.4 ± 5.1; 100 (43.5) | 36.9 ± 1.7; 31 (13.5) | 25.1 ± 4.9; 76 (33) |
| Other (n = 22) | 28.36 ± 11.479 | 3.152 ± 1.2754 | 17 ± 0; 2 (0.9) | 22.6 ± 2.6; 7 (3) | 37.3 ± 11.1; 13 (5.7) | 13.27 ± 6.356 | 2.655 ± 1.2712 | 5 ± 0; 1 (0.4) | 6.3 ± 0.5; 4 (1.7) | 16.8 ± 5.1; 17 (7.4) | 39.77 ± 14.517 | 4.972 ± 1.8147 | 49.3 ± 5.1; 12 (5.2) | 35.8 ± 2.4; 4 (1.7) | 27.5 ± 4.4; 6 (2.6) |
| Marital status | |||||||||||||||
| Single (n = 120) | 27.5 ± 10.803 | 3.056 ± 1.2003 | 15 ± 2.7; 23 (10) | 22.3 ± 2.3; 40 (17.4) | 36.8 ± 9.2; 57 (24.8) | 13.63 ± 5.938 | 2.727 ± 1.1876 | 5 ± 0; 10 (4.3) | 7.8 ± 1.2; 16 (7) | 15.4 ± 5.7; 94 (40.9) | 39.84 ± 11.202 | 4.98 ± 1.4003 | 48.4 ± 4.9; 65 (28.3) | 36.8 ± 1.7; 24 (10.4) | 24.3 ± 5.3; 31 (13.5) |
| Married (n = 102) | 29.91 ± 11.815 | 3.324 ± 1.3127 | 14.3 ± 0; 15 (6.5) | 23 ± 2.1; 26 (11.3) | 36.5 ± 9.1; 60 (26.1) | 14.15 ± 5.871 | 2.829 ± 1.1741 | 5 ± 0; 4 (1.7) | 7.1 ± 1.3; 14 (6.1) | 16 ± 4.5; 83 (36.1) | 36.68 ± 12.044 | 4.585 ± 1.5055 | 48.4 ± 0; 45 (19.6) | 36.8 ± 2.1; 9 (3.9) | 25.9 ± 4.7; 47 (20.4) |
| Divorced (n = 8) | 28 ± 10.184 | 3.111 ± 1.1316 | 15 ± 2.6; 3 (1.3) | 23.3 ± 3.8; 3 (1.3) | 47.5 ± 10.6; 2 (0.9) | 14.13 ± 4.224 | 2.825 ± 0.8447 | 5 ± 0; 1 (0.4) | 0 ± 0, 0(0) | 14.1 ± 4.1; 7 (3) | 36.63 ± 9.288 | 4.578 ± 1.161 | 54 ± 0; 2 (0.9) | 36.5 ± 2.1; 2 (0.9) | 26 ± 4.2; 4 (1.7) |
| Healthcare Institution | |||||||||||||||
| KAMC-Jeddah (n =72) | 29.47 ± 9.361 | 3.275 ± 1.0401 | 16.2 ± 2.3; 10 (4.3) | 22.2 ± 2.5; 25 (10.9) | 36.2 ± 7.9; 37 (16.1) | 13.74 ± 5.289 | 2.747 ± 1.0578 | 5 ± 0; 4 (1.7) | 8 ± 1; 3 (1.3) | 14.4 ± 5; 65 (28.3) | 44.03 ± 8.049 | 5.503 ± 1.0061 | 48.1 ± 4.9; 49 (21.3) | 37.1 ± 1.9; 15 (6.5) | 27.3 ± 7.5; 8 (3.5) |
| KAMC-Riyadh (n = 22) | 31.27 ± 15.097 | 3.475 ± 1.6775 | 13 ± 5.7; 2 (0.9) | 23.8 ± 1.5; 10 (4.3) | 37.7 ± 11.9; 9 (3.9) | 13.41 ± 6.573 | 2.682 ± 1.3146 | 5 ± 0; 1 (0.4) | 6.3 ± 0.5; 4 (1.7) | 14.7 ± 4; 16 (7) | 42.86 ± 12.594 | 5.358 ± 1.5742 | 49.2 ± 0; 15 (6.5) | 0 ± 0, 0(0) | 23.7 ± 8; 6 (2.6) |
| KAMC-Al Ahsa (n = 40) | 23.3 ± 9.544 | 2.589 ± 1.0604 | 14.7 ± 2.8; 15 (6.5) | 21.4 ± 1; 12 (5.2) | 36.6 ± 10.5; 13 (5.7) | 11.8 ± 5.827 | 2.36 ± 1.1655 | 5 ± 0; 6 (2.6) | 7.3 ± 1.5; 10 (4.3) | 14.5 ± 5.5; 24 (10.4) | 40.73 ± 12.488 | 5.091 ± 1.561 | 49.7 ± 0; 22 (9.6) | 36.9 ± 1.9; 7 (3) | 22.8 ± 5.5; 11 (4.8) |
| KAHOC (n = 15) | 23.73 ± 17.023 | 2.637 ± 1.8914 | 13 ± 3.1; 5 (2.2) | 24 ± 1.9; 3 (1.3) | 42 ± 12.3; 7 (3) | 10.4 ± 7.298 | 2.08 ± 1.4595 | 5 ± 0; 3 (1.3) | 6.8 ± 1.2; 4 (1.7) | 17.9 ± 5.8; 8 (3.5) | 40.53 ± 14.116 | 5.067 ± 1.7645 | 49.5 ± 5.1; 10 (4.3) | 36 ± 0; 1 (0.4) | 26.8 ± 4.3; 4 (1.7) |
| KSMC (n = 81) | 30.58 ± 10.253 | 3.398 ± 1.1392 | 14.6 ± 2.9; 9 (3.9) | 23.1 ± 2.2; 19 (8.3) | 36.4 ± 9; 53 (23) | 15.8 ± 5.236 | 3.16 ± 1.0471 | 5 ± 0; 1 (0.4) | 8.3 ± 1; 9 (3.9) | 17.1 ± 4.9; 71 (30.9) | 30.43 ± 8.528 | 3.804 ± 1.066 | 46.8 ± 5.7; 16 (7) | 36.3 ± 1.6; 12 (5.2) | 25.6 ± 3.8; 53 (23) |
| Specialty | |||||||||||||||
| Radiography/ Mammography/ Fluoroscopy (n = 98) |
29.45 ± 12.274 | 3.272 ± 1.3637 | 14.9 ± 3; 20 (8.7) | 22.1 ± 2.3; 28 (12.2) | 37 ± 9.2; 50 (21.7) | 14.24 ± 6.28 | 2.849 ± 1.2561 | 5 ± 0; 9 (3.9) | 6.9 ± 0.9; 11 (4.8) | 15.7 ± 5.5; 78 (33.9) | 40.86 ± 11.388 | 5.107 ± 1.4235 | 49.3 ± 5.3; 51 (22.2) | 36.9 ± 1.8; 19 (8.3) | 26.1 ± 4.6; 28 (12.2) |
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) (n = 22) |
27.5 ± 9.262 | 3.056 ± 1.0291 | 15.4 ± 2.4; 5 (2.2) | 23.5 ± 3; 4 (1.7) | 31.7 ± 6.1; 13 (5.7) | 13.77 ± 5.681 | 2.755 ± 1.1363 | 0 ± 0, 0(0) | 8 ± 1.4; 4 (1.7) | 14.7 ± 4.6; 18 (7.8) | 32.59 ± 10.349 | 4.074 ± 1.2937 | 45.7 ± 5.2; 11 (4.8) | 37 ± 2.6; 3 (1.3) | 24.3 ± 4.7; 8 (3.5) |
| Computed Tomography (CT) (n = 49) | 28.49 ± 13.161 | 3.166 ± 1.4623 | 13.4 ± 3.4; 7 (3) | 23.1 ± 1.5; 19 (8.3) | 38.4 ± 10.2; 22 (9.6) | 13.02 ± 6.306 | 2.604 ± 1.2613 | 5 ± 0; 3 (1.3) | 7.9 ± 2.1; 7 (3) | 15.3 ± 4.9; 38 (16.5) | 38 ± 11.762 | 4.75 ± 1.4702 | 48.2 ± 4.4; 24 (10.4) | 37.2 ± 1.5; 5 (2.2) | 23.4 ± 6.5; 19 (8.3) |
| Nuclear Medicine (n = 16) | 27.75 ± 8.82 | 3.083 ± 0.98 | 15.3 ± 1.5; 3 (1.3) | 23.3 ± 2.3; 4 (1.7) | 39.3 ± 12.5; 9 (3.9) | 13.94 ± 5.17 | 2.788 ± 1.034 | 5 ± 0; 2 (0.9) | 7.5 ± 1.3; 2 (0.9) | 17.6 ± 6.8; 12 (5.2) | 39.75 ± 11.091 | 4.969 ± 1.3863 | 48.2 ± 4.7; 5 (2.2) | 35.6 ± 1.8; 5 (2.2) | 25 ± 4.7; 6 (2.6) |
| Ultrasonography (n = 25) | 27.36 ± 6.975 | 3.04 ± 0.775 | 13.7 ± 4.2; 3 (1.3) | 21.7 ± 1.9; 9 (3.9) | 35.8 ± 6; 13 (5.7) | 13.88 ± 4.096 | 2.776 ± 0.8192 | 5 ± 0; 1 (0.4) | 7.3 ± 1.2; 3 (1.3) | 14.5 ± 4.6; 21 (9.1) | 37.76 ± 11.069 | 4.72 ± 1.3836 | 47.9 ± 4.8; 14 (6.1) | 38 ± 0; 1 (0.4) | 27.1 ± 4.4; 10 (4.3) |
| Angiography (n = 20) | 28 ± 9.782 | 3.111 ± 1.0869 | 16 ± 2; 3 (1.3) | 24.2 ± 1.1; 5 (2.2) | 37.7 ± 9.8; 12 (5.2) | 14.25 ± 5.369 | 2.85 ± 1.0739 | 0 ± 0, 0(0) | 8 ± 1.7; 3 (1.3) | 17 ± 3.3; 17 (7.4) | 32.6 ± 11.371 | 4.075 ± 1.4214 | 49.1 ± 5.7; 7 (3) | 36 ± 1.4; 2 (0.9) | 25.8 ± 2.4; 11 (4.8) |
| Professional rank | |||||||||||||||
| Technician (n = 20) | 28.95 ± 15.059 | 3.217 ± 1.6733 | 14.7 ± 1.8; 7 (3) | 21.5 ± 0.7; 2 (0.9) | 33.6 ± 6.7; 11 (4.8) | 13.7 ± 7.774 | 2.74 ± 1.5548 | 5 ± 0; 1 (0.4) | 7.4 ± 1.3; 5 (2.2) | 14.3 ± 3.1; 14 (6.1) | 37.85 ± 13.593 | 4.731 ± 1.6991 | 51.7 ± 5.1; 10 (4.3) | 36.7 ± 2.3; 3 (1.3) | 27.3 ± 3.7; 7 (3) |
| Technologist/ Specialist (n = 147) |
28.61 ± 10.883 | 3.179 ± 1.2092 | 14.3 ± 3; 26 (11.3) | 22.5 ± 2.3; 44 (19.1) | 37.9 ± 9.6; 76 (33) | 13.93 ± 5.78 | 2.785 ± 1.1561 | 5 ± 0; 13 (5.7) | 7.8 ± 1.2; 20 (8.7) | 16.2 ± 5.4; 113 (49.1) | 37.71 ± 11.07 | 4.713 ± 1.3838 | 47.7 ± 4.9; 70 (30.4) | 36.8 ± 1.8; 22 (9.6) | 25.2 ± 4.8; 54 (23.5) |
| Senior Specialist (n = 36) | 31.5 ± 12.143 | 3.5 ± 1.3492 | 15.5 ± 4.4; 4 (1.7) | 23.8 ± 0; 11 (4.8) | 34.8 ± 9.6; 21 (9.1) | 14.53 ± 6.101 | 2.906 ± 1.2203 | 5 ± 0; 1 (0.4) | 6.3 ± 0; 4 (1.7) | 14.7 ± 4; 31 (13.5) | 37.36 ± 12.053 | 4.67 ± 1.5066 | 48.1 ± 4.9; 19 (8.3) | 35.3 ± 0; 4 (1.7) | 24.3 ± 6.1; 13 (5.7) |
| Consultant (n = 4) | 24.25 ± 4.787 | 2.694 ± 0.5319 | 0 ± 0, 0(0) | 25 ± 1.8; 1 (0.4) | 38.7 ± 11.1; 3 (1.3) | 13.25 ± 2.217 | 2.65 ± 0.4435 | 0 ± 0, 0(0) | 0 ± 0, 0(0) | 16 ± 6.9; 4 (1.7) | 30 ± 5.099 | 3.75 ± 0.6374 | 0 ± 0, 0(0) | 0 ± 0, 0(0) | 23 ± 2.4; 4 (1.7) |
| Intern (n = 23) | 24.3 ± 7.98 | 2.7 ± 0.8866 | 17 ± 2; 4 (1.7) | 21.9 ± 2.3; 11 (4.8) | 35.5 ± 5; 8 (3.5) | 12.83 ± 4.417 | 2.565 ± 0.8835 | 0 ± 0, 0(0) | 6 ± 0; 1 (0.4) | 14.7 ± 5.6; 22 (9.6) | 45.65 ± 10.857 | 5.707 ± 1.3571 | 50.9 ± 5; 13 (5.7) | 37.7 ± 1; 6 (2.6) | 29 ± 4.5; 4 (1.7) |
| Years of experience | |||||||||||||||
| Less than 1 year (n = 55) | 25.38 ± 11.636 | 2.82 ± 1.2929 | 15.1 ± 2.6; 15 (6.5) | 22.2 ± 2.4; 23 (10) | 38.2 ± 9.3; 17 (7.4) | 12.56 ± 6.03 | 2.513 ± 1.206 | 5 ± 0; 5 (2.2) | 7.2 ± 1.3; 6 (2.6) | 14.6 ± 5.1; 44 (19.1) | 41.04 ± 12.235 | 5.13 ± 1.5294 | 49.8 ± 4.9; 30 (13) | 37.4 ± 1.2; 12 (5.2) | 23.8 ± 6.6; 13 (5.7) |
| 1-3 years (n = 35) | 25.66 ± 7.669 | 2.851 ± 0.8522 | 14.7 ± 3.3; 7 (3) | 21.3 ± 2.1; 6 (2.6) | 37.8 ± 11.2; 22 (9.6) | 13 ± 5.156 | 2.6 ± 1.0313 | 5 ± 0; 3 (1.3) | 7.9 ± 1; 8 (3.5) | 16.3 ± 7.7; 24 (10.4) | 39.63 ± 9.792 | 4.954 ± 1.224 | 47.8 ± 5.1; 19 (8.3) | 35.9 ± 1.7; 9 (3.9) | 23.4 ± 5.5; 7 (3) |
| 4 - 5 years (n = 36) | 30 ± 8.495 | 3.333 ± 0.9439 | 12 ± 3; 3 (1.3) | 23.5 ± 0; 12 (5.2) | 38 ± 8.3; 21 (9.1) | 14.58 ± 4.831 | 2.917 ± 0.9661 | 5 ± 0; 4 (1.7) | 0 ± 0, 0(0) | 16.3 ± 4.6; 32 (13.9) | 37 ± 10.575 | 4.625 ± 1.3219 | 48.2 ± 4.4; 18 (7.8) | 37 ± 2; 3 (1.3) | 26.6 ± 4.4; 15 (6.5) |
| 6 + years (n = 104) | 30.78 ± 12.37 | 3.42 ± 1.3745 | 14.9 ± 3.1; 16 (7) | 22.9 ± 2; 28 (12.2) | 35.6 ± 8.7; 59 (25.7) | 14.62 ± 6.18 | 2.925 ± 1.2361 | 5 ± 0; 3 (1.3) | 7.4 ± 1.4; 16 (7) | 15.7 ± 4.3; 84 (36.5) | 36.91 ± 11.976 | 4.614 ± 1.497 | 48 ± 5.4; 45 (19.6) | 36.6 ± 2.1; 11 (4.8) | 25.6 ± 4.4; 47 (20.4) |
- KAMC, King Abdulaziz Medical City.
- KSMC, King Saud Medical City.
- KAHOC, King Abdulaziz Hospital and Oncology Center.
- Emotional Exhaustion (Low: score <19, Moderate: score >=19-26>= score, High: score>26).
- Depersonalization (Low: score <6, Moderate: score >=6-9>= score, High: score>9).
- Personal Accomplishment (Low: score>39, Moderate: score >=34-39>= score, High: score <34).