Table 1.

Overview of Data Collection Methods

S/N	Methods	Description	Purpose
1	Video Recording of the Trial with Florence	The video recording aimed to capture Florence in action for its three use cases	Investigate human–robot interaction based on patient’s conduct and physical reactions when interacting with Florence
		Trials were filmed with two action cameras:
		• One was mounted near the screen to observe and recognise patients’ emotions through their facial expression
		• The other was placed at the patient’s bedside to view the entire interaction including Florence’s movements in the ward, patient’s conduct, gestures and bodily movements in relation to the RNA
2	Patient Experience Survey	A 30-min semi-structured interview for patients followed the trial with Florence	Investigation of human–robot interaction through patient’s viewpoint of their user experience
		The 75-question survey contained a mix of Likert scale and open-ended question. Questions were based on the USUS Framework. The survey aimed to glean insights from patients for the following:
		• Ability of RNA to perform nursing task successfully
		• Aesthetics of the RNA
		• Perceptions and attitudes towards incorporating the RNA in the wards
		• Social aspect of RNA interaction
3	Focus group discussions with healthcare professionals	Focus group discussions with 11 nurses of different job grades (nurse managers, registered nurses and enrolled nurses) were conducted to evaluate the acceptance and attitudes towards usefulness of introducing Florence in the ward	Usability, feasibility, Scalability, Aesthetics, Safety and Improvements to be made on Florence from healthcare provider viewpoint
		A total of three focus groups were conducted across the study period, two in February 2022 and one in July 2022