Figure 2. The spectrum/continuum of pre-primary and primary aldosteronism: relationship between PRA and serum aldosterone in patients evaluated for resistant hypertension, grouped according to increasing ARR (N= 115).

ANOVA P values: PRA= 1E-6; SA= 8E-7; ARR= 1E-26. (Please note the absence of any sharp diagnostic cut-offs between ARR 11 – 20, 21 – 40 and > 40).

PRA: plasma renin activity; ARR: aldosterone renin ratio; ALDO: serum aldosterone