Table 1.
Participants characteristics by clusters based on number of symptoms at week 4
| Cluster 1: <2 symptoms | Cluster 2: 2–6 symptoms | Cluster 3: >6 symptoms | P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total, n (%) | 160 (48.8%) | 109 (33.2%) | 59 (18.0%) | |
| Age, years | ||||
| Mean, SD | 41.6 (15.0) | 42.8 (14.8) | 41.5 (12.6) | 0.777 |
| Age group | 0.548 | |||
| 18–29 | 36 (22.5%) | 26 (23.9%) | 11 (18.6%) | |
| 30–49 | 81 (50.6%) | 47 (43.1%) | 32 (54.2%) | |
| 50–64 | 27 (16.9%) | 27 (24.8%) | 13 (22.0%) | |
| ≥65 | 16 (10.0%) | 9 (8.3%) | 3 (5.1%) | |
| Gender | 0.071 | |||
| Female | 111 (69.4%) | 81 (74.3%) | 50 (84.7%) | |
| Male | 49 (30.6%) | 28 (25.7%) | 9 (15.3%) | |
| Race/Ethnicity | 0.850 | |||
| White or Caucasian (not Hispanic or Latino) | 112 (70.0%) | 78 (71.6%) | 44 (74.6%) | |
| Black or African American | 5 (3.1%) | 4 (3.7%) | 4 (6.8%) | |
| Hispanic | 25 (15.6%) | 14 (12.8%) | 5 (8.5%) | |
| Asian | 9 (5.6%) | 5 (4.6%) | 2 (3.4%) | |
| Other | 9 (5.6%) | 8 (7.4%) | 4 (6.8%) | |
| US geographic region | 0.199 | |||
| Northeast | 21 (13.1%) | 18 (16.5%) | 2 (3.4%) | |
| South | 90 (56.3%) | 63 (57.8%) | 35 (59.3%) | |
| Midwest | 29 (18.1%) | 18 (16.5%) | 16 (27.1%) | |
| West | 20 (12.5%) | 10 (9.2%) | 6 (10.2%) | |
| Social vulnerability index, Mean (SD) | 0.42 (0.21) | 0.44 (0.22) | 0.47 (0.22) | 0.208 |
| Previously tested positive | 58 (36.3%) | 38 (34.9%) | 25 (42.4%) | 0.612 |
| Work in healthcare | 17 (10.6%) | 14 (12.8%) | 6 (10.2%) | 0.816 |
| Work in high-risk setting | 12 (7.5%) | 13 (11.9%) | 8 (13.6%) | 0.305 |
| Live in high-risk setting | 5 (3.1%) | 7 (6.4%) | 4 (6.8%) | 0.354 |
| Self-reported comorbidity | ||||
| Number of comorbidities, Mean (SD) | 0.23 (0.54) | 0.48 (0.70) | 0.46 (0.77) | 0.003 |
| Asthma or Chronic lung disease | 7 (4.4%) | 13 (11.9%) | 10 (16.9%) | 0.008 |
| Cirrhosis of the liver | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.365 |
| Immunocompromised conditions or weakened immune systemb | 7 (4.4%) | 7 (6.4%) | 2 (3.4%) | 0.629 |
| Diabetes | 3 (1.9%) | 5 (4.6%) | 3 (5.1%) | 0.344 |
| Heart conditions or hypertension | 14 (8.8%) | 19 (17.4%) | 8 (13.6%) | 0.103 |
| Overweight or obesity | 5 (3.1%) | 7 (6.4%) | 4 (6.8%) | 0.354 |
| At least 1 comorbidity | 28 (17.5%) | 39 (35.8%) | 20 (33.9%) | 0.001 |
| Vaccination status | 0.003 | |||
| Unvaccinated | 72 (45.0%) | 43 (39.4%) | 40 (67.8%) | |
| Primed | 40 (25.0%) | 32 (29.4%) | 14 (23.7%) | |
| Boosted | 48 (30.0%) | 34 (31.2%) | 5 (8.5%) |
Abbreviations SD standard deviation, US United States
aP value refers to the comparison among categories of <2, 2–6 and >6 symptoms
bImmunocompromised conditions includes compromised immune system (such as from immuno-compromising drugs, solid organ or blood stem cell transplant, HIV, or other conditions), conditions that result in a weakened immune system, including cancer treatment, and kidney failure or end stage renal disease