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. 2024 Oct 22;14:24928. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76010-y

Table 3.

The mean and standard deviation of the 30 benchmark functions of CEC-2014 across the 4 algorithms.

Fun Algorithm Mean Std Fun Algorithm Mean Std
F1 PSO30 3.90E+07 2.70E+07 F16 PSO30 1.39E+01 1.77E−01
DAIW-PSO34 1.788 15.735 DAIW-PSO34 7.168 18.856
HBF-PSO30 3.18E+05 2.69E+05 HBF-PSO30 1.06E+01 5.19E−01
HS-PSO 5.26E−13 1.09E−12 HS-PSO 3.26E−10 1.19E−09
F2 PSO30 8.08E+07 3.04E+07 F17 PSO30 3.49E+06 3.30E+06
DAIW-PSO34 1.075 7.227 DAIW-PSO34 2.85E+01 2.68E+01
HBF-PSO30 3.55E−05 1.51E−04 HBF-PSO30 2.25E+04 1.99E+04
HS-PSO 1.18E−09 2.98E−09 HS-PSO 2.04E+04 1.87E+04
F3 PSO30 1.01E+05 2.64E+04 F18 PSO30 5.38E+03 8.95E+03
DAIW-PSO34 5.121 23.7 DAIW-PSO34 4.33E+03 6.12E+03
HBF-PSO30 6.80E08 1.78E07 HBF-PSO30 2.88E+02 4.26E+02
HS-PSO 0.003 0.152 HS-PSO 2.96E+02 4.42E+02
F4 PSO30 2.05E+02 6.66E+01 F19 PSO30 3.53E+01 3.01E+01
DAIW-PSO34 1.074 9.916 DAIW-PSO34 2.88E+01 2.69E+01
HBF-PSO30 4.73E+01 5.74E+01 HBF-PSO30 1.96E+01 2.25E+01
HS-PSO 0.033 0.400 HS-PSO 1.93E+01 2.10E+01
F5 PSO30 2.12E+01 5.49E−02 F20 PSO30 1.19E+05 1.26E+05
DAIW-PSO34 7.899 30.106 DAIW-PSO34 0.459 7.966
HBF-PSO30 2.00E+01 5.64E−05 HBF-PSO30 7.08E+01 2.87E+01
HS-PSO 3.26E12 2.50E11 HS-PSO 1.907E−10 1.29E−09
F6 PSO30 4.36E+01 3.91E+00 F21 PSO30 8.22E+05 8.49E+05
DAIW-PSO34 2.83E+01 3.41E+01 DAIW-PSO34 0.631 8.717
HBF-PSO30 2.04E+01 2.48E+00 HBF-PSO30 7.29E+03 7.34E+03
HS-PSO 1.98E+02 2.32E+02 HS-PSO 0.000 0.003
F7 PSO30 1.65E+00 2.56E−01 F22 PSO30 1.02E+03 3.31E+02
DAIW-PSO34 0.005 0.108 DAIW-PSO34 3.453 8.896
HBF-PSO30 1.01E−02 2.37E−02 HBF-PSO30 6.75E+02 2.23E+02
HS-PSO 3.79E−09 1.24E−08 HS-PSO 0.000 0.002
F8 PSO30 3.99E+02 4.60E+01 F23 PSO30 3.38E+02 1.64E+01
DAIW-PSO34 1.833 6.561 DAIW-PSO34 5.208 11.848
HBF-PSO30 7.63E+00 2.85E+00 HBF-PSO30 3.15E+02 2.72E−12
HS-PSO 1.25E−10 7.58E−10 HS-PSO 0.000 0.001
F9 PSO30 4.21E+02 3.61E+01 F24 PSO30 2.41E+02 7.08E+00
DAIW-PSO34 0.096 1.068 DAIW-PSO34 1.722 6.804
HBF-PSO30 1.17E+02 2.59E+01 HBF-PSO30 2.33E+02 9.27E+00
HS-PSO 5.385E−10 2.01E−09 HS-PSO 0.000 0.003
F10 PSO30 8.87E+03 4.80E+02 F25 PSO30 2.20E+02 6.34E+00
DAIW-PSO34 7.53E+02 3.65E+03 DAIW-PSO34 0.274 9.397
HBF-PSO30 4.18E+01 5.38E+01 HBF-PSO30 2.16E+02 5.29E+00
HS-PSO 3.14E+02 4.21E+02 HS-PSO 3.126E−10 6.79E−10
F11 PSO30 9.21E+03 6.08E+02 F26 PSO30 1.77E+02 4.29E+01
DAIW-PSO34 7.18E+05 4.88E+02 DAIW-PSO34 1.963 8.457
HBF-PSO30 2.87E+03 6.50E+02 HBF-PSO30 1.35E+02 5.07E+01
HS-PSO 2.67E+03 5.33E+02 HS-PSO 0.000 0.003
F12 PSO30 5.51E+00 9.09E−01 F27 PSO30 1.22E+03 4.27E+02
DAIW-PSO34 10.728 47.323 DAIW-PSO34 4.691 9.931
HBF-PSO30 1.91E−01 5.39E−02 HBF-PSO30 7.63E+02 2.48E+02
HS-PSO 17.708 76.511 HS-PSO 0.000 0.001
F13 PSO30 5.88E−01 1.45E−01 F28 PSO30 9.26E+03 1.15E+03
DAIW-PSO34 0.051 11.868 DAIW-PSO34 2.927 7.048
HBF-PSO30 2.99E01 7.18E02 HBF-PSO30 2.33E+03 6.18E+02
HS-PSO 2.38E−14 9.41E−14 HS-PSO 0.001 0.005
F14 PSO30 2.90E−01 1.22E−01 F29 PSO30 1.36E+08 2.83E+08
DAIW-PSO34 2.507 6.15 DAIW-PSO34 0.353 7.058
HBF-PSO30 1.18E01 5.65E−02 HBF-PSO30 2.90E+05 1.58E+06
HS-PSO 0.078 0.165 HS-PSO 1.788E−11 1.62E−10
F15 PSO30 5.40E+01 2.61E+01 F30 PSO30 1.59E+05 1.56E+05
DAIW-PSO34 0.246 8.148 DAIW-PSO34 3.53 11.204
HBF-PSO30 1.29E+01 4.31E+00 HBF-PSO30 2.37E+03 9.61E+02
HS-PSO 3.78E−14 1.24E−13 HS-PSO 0.000 0.003

The bold values represent the optimal value for each benchmark function.