Fig. 3.

RosA suppresses cartilage degradation in the DMM-induced OA mice model.

(A) Experimental framework outlining the establishment of the DMM-induced OA model. (B) Following DMM induction, mice received intra-articular (i.a) injections of RosA for 6 weeks. The degree of cartilage degradation was assessed using Safranin-O staining. (C) OA severity was quantified utilizing the OARSI scoring system at 10 weeks post-DMM induction. (D) Immunohistochemical staining was performed to assess the Mmp3, Mmp13, and Cox2 protein levels in experimental OA mice after i,a injection of RosA and (E) quantification. Scale bars, 100 μm. Values are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. One-way analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni's test was used to determine significant differences ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001, #P < 0.05 compared to the control group.