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. 2024 Jul 24;20(9):5973–5995. doi: 10.1002/alz.14115

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© 2024 The Author(s). Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Shared genetic contribution between ACD/VaD and related risk factors. Contributions determined by LD score regression analysis (LDSR) (top), and Genetic Covariation Analyzer (GNOVA) (bottom). Effect sizes (rg) and significance levels (logp) are represented by color and symbol size. AD, Alzheimer's disease; GCF, general cognitive function; all stroke (AS) and its subtypes (ischemic, IS; cardioembolic, CES; small vessel, SVS; large artery, LAS); WMH, white matter hyperintensity burden; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; PP, pulse pressure; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein. Diamond shape: non‐significant. Cross‐significant causal effect estimates from MR‐LAP analysis.