Table 2.
Distribution of Characteristics by Mortality Status at 5-Year Follow-up Among Ewing Sarcoma Patients
| Factor | Alive | Deceased | P |
| N | 1361 | 493 | |
| Age at diagnosis, mean (SD) | 11.3 (4.3) | 12.5 (3.8) | <0.001 |
| Last contact or death, months from Dx, median (IQR) | 68.8 (38.8, 107.3) | 27.8 (15.9, 44.9) | <0.001 |
| Age—categorized | <0.001 | ||
| 0-5 | 163 (11.98%) | 27 (5.48%) | |
| 6-11 | 465 (34.17%) | 131 (26.57%) | |
| 12-17 | 733 (53.86%) | 335 (67.95%) | |
| Sex | 0.96 | ||
| Male | 789 (57.97%) | 285 (57.81%) | |
| Female | 572 (42.03%) | 208 (42.19%) | |
| Race | 0.75 | ||
| White | 1204 (88.46%) | 441 (89.45%) | |
| African American/Black | 40 (2.94%) | 15 (3.04%) | |
| Other | 117 (8.60%) | 37 (7.51%) | |
| Hispanic status | 0.06 | ||
| Non-Hispanic | 1110 (85.52%) | 383 (81.84%) | |
| Hispanic | 188 (14.48%) | 85 (18.16%) | |
| Insurance status | 0.37 | ||
| Not insured | 34 (2.57%) | 15 (3.17%) | |
| Private insurance/managed care | 927 (69.96%) | 315 (66.60%) | |
| Government | 364 (27.47%) | 143 (30.23%) | |
| Primary tumor locations | <0.001 | ||
| Lower extremity | 454 (34.37%) | 138 (29.30%) | |
| Upper extremity | 176 (13.32%) | 46 (9.77%) | |
| Facial and skull + mandible specific | 101 (7.65%) | 14 (2.97%) | |
| Spine + axial skeleton | 279 (21.12%) | 89 (18.90%) | |
| Pelvis | 282 (21.35%) | 176 (37.37%) | |
| Extremity, unspecified + unspecified bone | 29 (2.20%) | 8 (1.70%) | |
| Tumor size | <0.001 | ||
| ≤8 cm | 253 (18.59%) | 40 (8.11%) | |
| >8 cm | 121 (8.89%) | 58 (11.76%) | |
| Primary tumors cannot be assessed | 562 (41.29%) | 290 (58.82%) | |
| Missing | 425 (31.23%) | 105 (21.30%) | |
| Metastasis status | <0.001 | ||
| No | 1203 (88.39%) | 382 (77.48%) | |
| Yes | 139 (10.21%) | 102 (20.69%) | |
| Unknown/NA | 19 (1.40%) | 9 (1.83%) | |
| Metastasis—bone | <0.001 | ||
| No | 589 (43.28%) | 125 (25.35%) | |
| Yes | 41 (3.01%) | 62 (12.58%) | |
| Unknown/missing | 731 (53.71%) | 306 (62.07%) | |
| Metastasis—lung | <0.001 | ||
| No | 518 (38.06%) | 121 (24.54%) | |
| Yes | 112 (8.23%) | 66 (13.39%) | |
| Unknown/missing | 731 (53.71%) | 306 (62.07%) | |
| Margin status | <0.001 | ||
| Negative | 600 (44.09%) | 119 (24.14%) | |
| Positive | 109 (8.01%) | 38 (7.71%) | |
| No primary site surgery | 509 (37.40%) | 291 (59.03%) | |
| Unknown/missing | 143 (10.51%) | 45 (9.13%) | |
| Surgical procedure of the primary site | <0.001 | ||
| Wide resection (with limb salvage) | 510 (38.23%) | 111 (22.98%) | |
| Local excision | 248 (18.59%) | 62 (12.84%) | |
| No surgery performed | 509 (38.16%) | 291 (60.25%) | |
| Amputation | 67 (5.02%) | 19 (3.93%) | |
| Surgery | <0.001 | ||
| No | 509 (37.59%) | 291 (59.39%) | |
| Yes | 845 (62.41%) | 199 (40.61%) | |
| Chemotherapy | 0.50 | ||
| No | 51 (3.80%) | 22 (4.53%) | |
| Yes | 1292 (96.20%) | 464 (95.47%) | |
| Radiation | 0.39 | ||
| No | 1065 (79.06%) | 397 (81.02%) | |
| Yes | 282 (20.94%) | 93 (18.98%) | |
| Treatment type | <0.001 | ||
| Chemotherapy and surgery | 827 (60.76%) | 194 (39.35%) | |
| Surgery without chemotherapy | 18 (1.32%) | 5 (1.01%) | |
| Chemotherapy without surgery | 465 (34.17%) | 270 (54.77%) | |
| No chemotherapy or surgery | 51 (3.75%) | 24 (4.87%) |
NA = not available