. 2024 Oct 23;5(5):e13338. doi: 10.1002/emp2.13338

TABLE 2.

Percent change over time for adjusted mortality rates by drug (2010‒2017).

Drug	Cumulative percent change ^a (each quarter‐year)	Segment percent change ^b (each quarter‐year)
Drug	Average % (95% CI)	Trend segment	Year quarter, % (95% CI)
Population‐adjusted mortality rates
Buprenorphine	7.8 (6.7, 9.0) ^***	2010Q1‒2016Q3	8.9 (8.0, 9.8) ^***
		2016Q3‒2017Q4	2.4 (‒3.1, 8.2)
Oxycodone	0.3 (‒0.3, 0.8)	2010Q1‒2013Q3	‒0.9 (‒1.8, 0.0)
		2013Q3‒2017Q4	1.2 (0.5, 1.9) ^**
Hydrocodone	‒0.1 (‒0.4, 0.1)	None observed	–
Methadone	‒1.4 (‒1.1, ‒1.7) ^***	None observed	–
Dosage units dispensed‐adjusted mortality rates^c
Buprenorphine	5.3 (4.6, 6.1) ^***	None observed	–
Oxycodone	0.8 (0.2, 1.4) ^**	2010Q3‒2013Q3	‒0.6 (‒1.7, 0.6)
		2013Q3‒2017Q4	1.8 (1.1, 2.4) ^***
Hydrocodone	2.1 (1.7, 2.4) ^***	None observed	–

Abbreviations: 20XXQY, year‐quarter indication; CI, confidence interval.

^{^a}

Cumulative percent change based on weighted average of segments for entire study period.

^{^b}

Segments based on observed joinpoints identified on log‐transformed mortality rates; when no joinpoints were observed no segment data were provided.

^{^c}

Dispensing data available beginning in 2010Q3; methadone dosage units dispensed mortality rates not shown due to known underestimate of methadone dispensing in data.

^**

p < 0.01.

^***

p < 0.001.