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. 2024 Oct 23;5(5):e13338. doi: 10.1002/emp2.13338

TABLE 3.

Percentages of deaths identified as polysubstance overdose deaths by drug (2017).

Additional drug mentioned Proportion of deaths (95% CI)
Buprenorphine Oxycodone Hydrocodone Methadone
Any specific drug mention 93.8 (92.0, 95.3) 87.7 (86.9, 88.5) 90.2 (89.1, 91.2) 79.9 (78.5, 81.2)
Benzodiazepines 46.9 (43.6, 50.2) 41.6 (40.4, 42.8) 43.0 (41.3, 44.8) 31.8 (30.3, 33.4)
Other opioids excluding heroin 43.5 (40.2, 46.9) 48.6 (47.4, 49.9) 51.7 (49.9, 53.4) 38.1 (36.5, 39.7)
Centrally active psychostimulants 32.0 (29.0, 35.2) 20.0 (19.0, 21.0) 17.4 (16.1, 18.7) 26.0 (24.6, 27.5)
Alcohol 17.8 (15.3, 20.5) 16.3 (15.4, 17.2) 18.0 (16.7, 19.4) 11.5 (10.4, 12.6)
Heroin 17.8 (15.3, 20.5) 10.9 (10.1, 11.7) 9.1 (8.1, 10.1) 16.6 (15.4, 17.9)

Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval.