Table 2.
Annual percentage changes in child growth failure in children younger than 5 years in Anhui, Beijing, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, and Heilongjiang provinces in China.
| Location | Stunting | Wasting | Underweight | ||||||||
|
|
Year | APCa (95% CI) | P value | Year | APC (95% CI) | P value | Year | APC (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Anhui | 2000-2004 | –3.43 (–3.63 to –3.23) | <.001 | 2000-2002 | –0.76 (–0.80 to –0.72) | <.001 | 2000-2004 | –3.37 (–3.57 to –3.17) | <.001 | ||
| Anhui | 2004-2009 | –1.07 (–1.15 to –0.99) | <.001 | 2002-2010 | –0.58 (–0.58 to –0.57) | <.001 | 2004-2010 | –1.93 (–2.09 to –1.76) | <.001 | ||
| Anhui | 2009-2015 | –3.16 (–3.27 to –3.05) | <.001 | 2010-2017 | –0.51 (–0.51 to –0.50) | <.001 | 2010-2017 | –3.35 (–3.48 to –3.21) | <.001 | ||
| Anhui | 2015-2019 | 0.44 (–1.08 to 1.98) | .54 | 2017-2019 | 0.00 (–0.06 to 0.06) | .89 | 2017-2019 | 0.41 (–0.87 to 1.70) | .49 | ||
| Beijing | 2000-2004 | –4.74 (–4.91 to –4.58) | <.001 | 2000-2002 | –0.60 (–0.75 to –0.45) | <.001 | 2000-2004 | –4.25 (–4.42 to –4.08) | <.001 | ||
| Beijing | 2004-2011 | 0.00 (–0.50 to 0.49) | .99 | 2002-2009 | –0.55 (–0.58 to –0.52) | <.001 | 2004-2007 | –0.92 (–1.49 to –0.35) | .005 | ||
| Beijing | 2011-2017 | 0.94 (0.22 to 1.66) | .02 | 2009-2015 | –0.01 (–0.05 to 0.03) | .69 | 2007-2014 | –0.35 (–0.46 to –0.23) | <.001 | ||
| Beijing | 2017-2019 | –0.21 (–0.27 to –0.14) | <.001 | 2015-2019 | –0.10 (–0.16 to –0.05) | .003 | 2014-2019 | –0.46 (–0.65 to –0.27) | <.001 | ||
| Chongqing | 2000-2004 | –3.86 (–4.01 to –3.71) | <.001 | 2000-2005 | –0.84 (–0.89 to –0.79) | <.001 | 2000-2006 | –3.57 (–3.66 to –3.48) | <.001 | ||
| Chongqing | 2004-2007 | –2.82 (–2.92 to –2.73) | <.001 | 2005-2009 | –1.09 (–1.24 to –0.94) | <.001 | 2006-2010 | –3.78 (–4.12 to –3.44) | <.001 | ||
| Chongqing | 2007-2010 | –2.18 (–2.20 to –2.16) | <.001 | 2009-2012 | –0.43 (–0.76 to –0.10) | .02 | 2010-2017 | –2.56 (–2.70 to –2.42) | <.001 | ||
| Chongqing | 2010-2019 | –0.09 (–0.83 to 0.66) | .79 | 2012-2019 | –0.21 (–0.26 to –0.16) | <.001 | 2017-2019 | 0.06 (–1.07 to 1.21) | .91 | ||
| Fujian | 2000-2003 | –6.00 (–6.90 to –5.09) | <.001 | 2000-2009 | –0.90 (–0.91 to –0.89) | <.001 | 2000-2004 | –5.17 (–5.51 to –4.83) | <.001 | ||
| Fujian | 2003-2008 | –4.01 (–5.00 to –3.01) | <.001 | 2009-2012 | –0.40 (–0.55 to –0.26) | <.001 | 2004-2008 | –3.00 (–3.58 to –2.42) | <.001 | ||
| Fujian | 2008-2017 | –1.31 (–1.35 to –1.27) | <.001 | 2012-2017 | –0.27 (–0.31 to –0.23) | <.001 | 2008-2017 | –1.73 (–1.79 to –1.67) | <.001 | ||
| Fujian | 2017-2019 | –0.44 (–2.42 to 1.59) | .63 | 2017-2019 | –0.08 (–0.28 to 0.12) | .40 | 2017-2019 | –0.14 (–1.86 to 1.62) | .86 | ||
| Gansu | 2000-2002 | –3.69 (–3.97 to –3.41) | <.001 | 2000-2005 | –0.69 (–0.72 to –0.66) | <.001 | 2000-2003 | –3.94 (–4.07 to –3.82) | <.001 | ||
| Gansu | 2002-2005 | –3.08 (–3.42 to –2.74) | <.001 | 2005-2010 | –0.84 (–0.89 to –0.80) | <.001 | 2003-2010 | –3.47 (–3.51 to –3.42) | <.001 | ||
| Gansu | 2005-2017 | –2.08 (–2.10 to –2.07) | <.001 | 2010-2017 | –0.27 (–0.30 to –0.25) | <.001 | 2010-2017 | –2.53 (–2.58 to –2.47) | <.001 | ||
| Gansu | 2017-2019 | –0.04 (–0.74 to 0.67) | .91 | 2017-2019 | 0.00 (–0.21 to 0.20) | .96 | 2017-2019 | 0.12 (–0.25 to 0.50) | .48 | ||
| Guangdong | 2000-2002 | –4.88 (–4.98 to –4.77) | <.001 | 2000-2005 | –0.57 (–0.60 to –0.54) | <.001 | 2000-2004 | –4.75 (–4.91 to –4.59) | <.001 | ||
| Guangdong | 2002-2005 | –2.29 (–2.62 to –1.96) | <.001 | 2005-2009 | –0.94 (–1.02 to –0.87) | <.001 | 2004-2009 | –3.12 (–3.31 to –2.92) | <.001 | ||
| Guangdong | 2005-2017 | –1.27 (–1.28 to –1.25) | <.001 | 2009-2012 | –0.13 (–0.30 to 0.04) | .12 | 2009-2017 | –1.54 (–1.61 to –1.48) | <.001 | ||
| Guangdong | 2017-2019 | –0.11 (–0.88 to 0.67) | .76 | 2012-2019 | –0.03 (–0.06 to –0.01) | .02 | 2017-2019 | 0.08 (–0.93 to 1.11) | .86 | ||
| Guangxi | 2000-2004 | –4.27 (–4.41 to –4.13) | <.001 | 2000-2005 | –0.91 (–0.95 to –0.86) | <.001 | 2000-2004 | –3.63 (–3.76 to –3.50) | <.001 | ||
| Guangxi | 2004-2007 | –2.65 (–3.07 to –2.22) | <.001 | 2005-2009 | –1.25 (–1.38 to –1.13) | <.001 | 2004-2007 | –2.40 (–2.88 to –1.91) | <.001 | ||
| Guangxi | 2007-2017 | –1.72 (–1.75 to –1.69) | <.001 | 2009-2012 | –0.46 (–0.76 to –0.16) | .007 | 2007-2017 | –1.53 (–1.58 to –1.48) | <.001 | ||
| Guangxi | 2017-2019 | –0.48 (–1.64 to 0.69) | .38 | 2012-2019 | –0.19 (–0.24 to –0.15) | <.001 | 2017-2019 | –0.42 (–1.56 to 0.74) | .43 | ||
| Guizhou | 2000-2004 | –1.97 (–2.01 to –1.94) | <.001 | 2000-2005 | –0.76 (–0.78 to –0.74) | <.001 | 2000-2005 | –2.61 (–2.66 to –2.56) | <.001 | ||
| Guizhou | 2004-2007 | –2.41 (–2.44 to –2.37) | <.001 | 2005-2010 | –1.03 (–1.06 to –1.01) | <.001 | 2005-2010 | –4.25 (–4.34 to –4.16) | <.001 | ||
| Guizhou | 2007-2017 | –2.56 (–2.97 to –2.15) | <.001 | 2010-2017 | –0.48 (–0.50 to –0.46) | <.001 | 2010-2017 | –3.44 (–3.53 to –3.36) | <.001 | ||
| Guizhou | 2017-2019 | –0.30 (–1.14 to 0.54) | .43 | 2017-2019 | –0.03 (–0.19 to 0.13) | .64 | 2017-2019 | –0.17 (–0.94 to 0.60) | .63 | ||
| Hainan | 2000-2005 | –3.43 (–3.62 to –3.24) | <.001 | 2000-2005 | –0.27 (–0.30 to –0.23) | <.001 | 2000-2005 | –3.15 (–3.26 to –3.05) | <.001 | ||
| Hainan | 2005-2014 | –2.57 (–2.66 to –2.48) | <.001 | 2005-2009 | –1.20 (–1.30 to –1.10) | <.001 | 2005-2010 | –3.70 (–3.88 to –3.51) | <.001 | ||
| Hainan | 2014-2017 | –1.54 (–1.57 to –1.50) | <.001 | 2009-2012 | –0.36 (–0.60 to –0.12) | .008 | 2010-2017 | –1.78 (–1.90 to –1.66) | <.001 | ||
| Hainan | 2017-2019 | –0.28 (–1.19 to 0.63) | .50 | 2012-2019 | –0.12 (–0.16 to –0.08) | <.001 | 2017-2019 | –0.23 (–1.46 to 1.01) | .68 | ||
| Hebei | 2000-2003 | –4.62 (–4.77 to –4.46) | <.001 | 2000-2005 | –0.84 (–0.88 to –0.81) | <.001 | 2000-2004 | –4.21 (–4.34 to –4.07) | <.001 | ||
| Hebei | 2003-2009 | –2.43 (–2.68 to –2.19) | <.001 | 2005-2009 | –1.11 (–1.21 to –1.00) | <.001 | 2004-2009 | –2.85 (–3.01 to –2.69) | <.001 | ||
| Hebei | 2009-2017 | –1.12 (–1.13 to –1.10) | <.001 | 2009-2012 | –0.38 (–0.59 to –0.17) | .003 | 2009-2017 | –1.44 (–1.51 to –1.37) | <.001 | ||
| Hebei | 2017-2019 | –0.22 (–0.92 to 0.49) | .51 | 2012-2019 | –0.14 (–0.17 to –0.10) | <.001 | 2017-2019 | 0.02 (–0.94 to 0.99) | .96 | ||
| Heilongjiang | 2000-2003 | –7.59 (–7.77 to –7.42) | <.001 | 2000-2003 | –0.99 (–1.13 to –0.86) | <.001 | 2000-2004 | –4.88 (–5.06 to –4.69) | <.001 | ||
| Heilongjiang | 2003-2006 | –5.20 (–5.74 to –4.65) | <.001 | 2003-2009 | –0.78 (–0.84 to –0.71) | <.001 | 2004-2008 | –3.15 (–3.50 to –2.80) | <.001 | ||
| Heilongjiang | 2006-2017 | –2.49 (–2.76 to –2.23) | <.001 | 2009-2013 | –0.01 (–0.16 to 0.14) | .90 | 2008-2012 | –1.55 (–1.95 to –1.14) | <.001 | ||
| Heilongjiang | 2017-2019 | –0.92 (–1.25 to –0.59) | <.001 | 2013-2019 | 0.19 (0.13 to 0.25) | <.001 | 2012-2019 | –0.57 (–0.71 to –0.42) | <.001 | ||
aAPC: annual percentage change.