(A) Overlay of PTX (blue), OTX (pink), and DFV-OTX (green) in β-tubulin. (B) Overlay of PTX (blue) and DFV-OTX (green), with important H-bonding and van der Waals interactions. (C) The critical H-bonding and van der Waals interactions of the DFV group with nearby amino acid residues; Ala233, Ser236, and Phe272. Adapted from Ref. [34] with permission.