Figure 4.

Histological changes in inflammatory cell infiltration (A), epidermal thickness (B), and dermal thickness (C) in each group. H&E staining at 100–200× magnification and 500-micrometer (μm) ruler length. Each value was expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 8). Statistical comparison of differences between each group: * denotes p-value less than 0.05 (p < 0.05); ** denotes p-value less than 0.01 (p < 0.01). The NOR group (control) received saline and a standard diet. The OVA group underwent sensitization and skin irritation with ovalbumin (OVA) on a normal diet. The CM group had the same OVA treatment plus prednisolone. The NTU 101 group received OVA treatment and NTU 101 at 1 × 10¹¹ CFU/day. The LGG group underwent OVA treatment and received L. rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103 at 1 × 10¹¹ CFU/day.