Table 1.

Comparison of key oral health issues and findings across different mental health disorders.

Mental Disorder	Key Oral Health Issues	Study Findings
ASD [22,26,33,34]	Dental caries, Periodontal disease, Xerostomia	Higher caries prevalence reported due to dietary preferences and hygiene challenges; some studies report comparable outcomes with specialized care
Depression [7,35,40]	Xerostomia, Dental caries, Periodontal disease, Bruxism	Reduced motivation for oral care and xerostomia linked to antidepressant use; significant impact on caries and periodontal disease
Bipolar disorder [41,42,44]	Dental caries, Periodontal disease, Gingival hyperplasia	Alternating manic and depressive phases result in either aggressive hygiene practices or neglect, leading to caries and periodontal issues
Schizophrenia [45,46,47,48]	Dental caries, Periodontal disease, Xerostomia, Tardive dyskinesia	Antipsychotic medication side effects, cognitive impairment, and social barriers contribute to poor oral health outcomes