Table 2.
Fermentation results at 48 h without sterilization. Content of total polyphenols (mg GaE/g DW), total flavonoids (mg QE/g DW), DPPH (ARA%) and FRAP (mg FSE/g DW) determined on seeds (S) and germinated seeds (GS) (non-fermented NF) of quinoa and amaranth and after spontaneous fermentation (Sp), in samples inoculated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc), with Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) and with both fermenting microorganisms (Sc + Lp). Values were the average of three determinations ± SD; values followed by different letters within columns were statistically significant according to Tukey’s test (p ≤ 0.05).
| Fermentation Results at 48 h (No Sterilization) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Polyphenols (mg GaE/g DW) |
Total Flavonoids (mg QE/g DW) |
DPPH (ARA%) | FRAP (mg FSE/g DW) | |||||
| Quinoa | Amaranth | Quinoa | Amaranth | Quinoa | Amaranth | Quinoa | Amaranth | |
| S NF | 1.55 ± 0.03 ij | 0.54 ± 0.06 j | 3.00 ± 0.14 hi | 2.35 ± 0.33 i | 7.89 ± 0.45 hij | 3.7 ± 1.18 j | 6.07 ± 0.04 kl | 2.4 ± 0.13 m |
| S Sp | 2.15 ± 0.14 i | 4.63 ± 0.07 f | 4.23 ± 0.03 fgh | 2.04 ± 0.07 i | 14.25 ± 0.88 gh | 19.63 ± 0.92 g | 5.27 ± 0.08 l | 17.38 ± 0.78 g |
| S Sc | 6.86 ± 0.77 de | 3.26 ± 0.33 gh | 6.50 ± 0.24 de | 6.2 ± 0.29 e | 27.35 ± 1.09 f | 17.68 ± 1.29 g | 18.06 ± 0.37 g | 12.7 ± 0.33 hi |
| S Lp | 4.31 ± 0.35 fg | 2.6 ± 0.17 hi | 3.51 ± 1.49 ghi | 4.23 ± 0.17 fgh | 6.95 ± 1.06 ij | 15.94 ± 1.69 g | 10.52 ± 0.64 ij | 8.99 ± 0.29 j |
| S Sc + Lp | 6.70 ± 0.03 de | 2.29 ± 0.2 hi | 3.37 ± 0.14 ghi | 5.79 ± 0.23 ef | 37.34 ± 2.35 e | 7.39 ± 1.79 ij | 13.41 ± 0.79 h | 8.8 ± 0.6 jk |
| GS NF | 2.60 ± 0.04 hi | 2.54 ± 0.16 hi | 4.46 ± 0.43 fgh | 4.9 ± 0.173 efg | 13.07 ± 1.41 ghi | 9.06 ± 1.25 hij | 8.31 ± 0.24 jk | 12.71 ± 0.2 hi |
| GS Sp | 9.69 ± 0.59 c | 9.28 ± 0.2 c | 13.33 ± 0.17 a | 10.52 ± 0.35 bc | 70.38 ± 2.79 a | 29.02 ± 2.05 f | 30.53 ± 0.18 ab | 21.4 ± 0.78 f |
| GS Sc | 12.87 ± 0.34 a | 7.38 ± 0.19 c | 10.29 ± 0.61 bc | 9.9 ± 0.46 c | 47.42 ± 0.81 cd | 38.7 ± 0.57 e | 27.33 ± 0.94 cde | 24.66 ± 0.44 e |
| GS Lp | 11.04 ± 0.64 b | 5.76 ± 0.15 e | 10.79 ± 0.18 bc | 10.56 ± 0.56 bc | 52.02 ± 2.19 bc | 55.3 ± 2.03 b | 31.57 ± 0.8 a | 27 ± 1.6 de |
| GS Sc + Lp | 11.02 ± 0.66 b | 7.23 ± 0.13 d | 8.13 ± 0.84 d | 11.61 ± 0.6 b | 46.39 ± 1.37 cd | 43.02 ± 8.62 de | 28.17 ± 2.25 bcd | 29.87 ± 0.8 abc |