Table 2.
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of artisanal miners who were enrolled in this study.
| Characteristic | N (%) ⁑ | |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 208 | |
| Sex | Male | 203 (98) |
| Female | 5 (2) | |
| Age category | 18–24 | 8 (4) |
| 25–34 | 71 (34) | |
| 35–44 | 90 (43) | |
| 45–54 | 26 (13) | |
| 55+ | 13 (6) | |
| HIV status | Positive | 73 (35) |
| Negative | 79 (38) | |
| Unknown | 56 (27) | |
| Risk determinants for TB | ||
| Smoking status | Yes | 118 (57) |
| Alcohol use | Yes | 118 (57) |
| Other chronic conditions † | Yes | 28 (13) |
| Previous history of TB | Yes | 47 (23) |
| No | 159 (76) | |
| Not recorded | 2 (1) | |
| Type of pulmonary TB | Bacteriologically confirmed | 107 (51) |
| Clinically diagnosed | 101 (49) | |
| Diagnosed with silicosis | Yes | 121 (58) |
| No | 87 (42) | |
| Presenting signs, symptoms | ||
| Cough | Yes | 194 (93) |
| Shortness of breath | Yes | 153 (74) |
| Experience as a miner (years) | <5 | 37 (18) |
| 5–9.9 | 56 (27) | |
| 10–35 | 110 (53) | |
| Not recorded | 5 (2) |
⁑ = column percentage, † = conditions included asthma, hypertension, kidney disease, pneumonia, and diabetes mellitus.