Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants.
| Variable | Total (n = 64) |
Control (n = 40) |
Treatment (n = 24) |
p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR) | 54 (42.25–63) | 56 (42.2–61.2) | 49.5 (41.5–66.2) | 0.961 | |
| Sex, No. (%) | 0.778 | ||||
| Female | 45 (70.3%) | 29 (72%) | 16 (67%) | ||
| Male | 19 (29.7%) | 11 (28%) | 8 (33%) | ||
| Race, No. (%) | 0.109 | ||||
| Asian | 3 (4.7%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (12%) | ||
| Black or African American | 11 (17.2%) | 7 (18%) | 4 (17%) | ||
| White | 48 (75%) | 31 (78%) | 17 (71%) | ||
| Other, not specified | 2 (3.1%) | 2 (5%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Hispanic, No. (%) | 0.137 | ||||
| No | 61 (95.3%) | 39 (98%) | 22 (92%) | ||
| Yes | 2 (3.1%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (8%) | ||
| Not specified | 1 (1.6%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Weight, median (95% CI) in kg | 79.5 (67.5–98) | 84 (67.5–99.5) | 76 (67.7–97.7) | 0.608 | |
| Height, median (95% CI) in cm | 169 (160–175) | 170 (160–175.1) | 168 (159.4–173) | 0.404 | |
| BMI, median in kg/m2 (95% CIU in kg/m2) | 28.6 (24.8–33.5) | 29.2 (24.6–33.8) | 27.9 (52.2–32.9) | 0.906 | |
| Music genre, No. (%) | |||||
| Classical | 3 (4.7%) | 3 (12%) | |||
| Guitar | 8 (12.5%) | 8 (33%) | |||
| Jazz | 9 (14.1%) | 9 (38%) | |||
| Lo-Fi | 2 (3.1%) | 2 (8%) | |||
| Piano | 2 (3.1%) | 2 (8%) | |||
| Opioid prescriptions filled, No. (%) | |||||
| No | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Yes | 33 (100%) | 21 (100%) | 12 (100%) | ||
| Baseline PROMIS Anxiety T-score, median (95% CI) | 62.5 (59.4–66.6) | 62.5 (59.4–64.8) | 63.5 (59.4–69) | 0.452 | |
| Baseline PROMIS Depression T-score, median (95% CI | 53.85 (49.8–57.9) | 54.3 (49.8–57.9) | 53.4 (50.9–57.5) | 0.945 | |
| Baseline PCS score, median (95% CI) | 14 (6.75–21.25) | 16 (8–21.2) | 12.5 (4–21.2) | 0.532 | |
CI (confident interval); BMI—body mass index; PCS—Pain Catastrophizing