Table 3.

Pain score and opioid consumption AUC in the intervention music therapy group vs. those in the control group.

Variable	Control (n = 40)	Treatment (n = 24)	% Difference	aSMD (95% CI)
Pain score Median AUC for POD 1–5	12.5	13.0	4%	0.12 (−0.4, 0.64)
Opioid use in OME Median AUC for POD 1–5	6.4	2.8	−56.7%	0.34 * (−0.17, 0.85)

aSMD—absolute standardized mean difference; AUC—area under the curve; CI—confidence interval; OME—oral morphine equivalent; POD—postoperative day; * aSMD ≥ 0.2.