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. 2024 Oct 14;13(20):6123. doi: 10.3390/jcm13206123

Table 2.

Bioprosthesis valve failure stages.

Stage Features
1 Any clinical manifestation of BVD or hemodynamic valve deterioration stage 3
2 Aortic valve reintervention (surgical or percutaneous)
3 Valve-related death

BVD: bioprosthesis valve dysfunction.